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Systematic review

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[The Effect of Exercise Interventions on Alleviating Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy: A Systematic Review].

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Journal The journal of nursing (護理雜誌)
Year 2022
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This article includes 13 Primary studies 13 Primary studies (13 references)

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BACKGROUND: 85%-95% of patients with cancer experience chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN), which may lead to neuropathic pain, emotional distress, functional difficulties, and interpersonal problems. Although exercise interventions have been proposed for improving and preventing CIPN, evidence regarding the efficacy of these interventions has been inconsistent and of inadequate quality. In addition, few domestic systematic reviews have examined the effects of exercise on CIPN. PURPOSE: To examine the effects of exercise interventions in cancer patients with CIPN using a systematic review (SR) method. METHODS: An SR method was used in this paper by applying the concept of PICO using keywords P "cancer", I "rehabilitation", "exercise", C "usual care, standard of care", and O "chemotherapy-Induced peripheral neuropathy" in a search of the Ovid Medline, PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE and Airiti Library databases for articles published from 2002 to 2021. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 13 research articles were identified for review in this study. RESULTS: The 13 randomized controlled trials reviewed in this SR included 909 cancer patients during or after chemotherapy who were receiving exercise interventions. The results indicate that single or combined exercise protocols have consistent benefits in terms of improving CIPN symptoms. However, because of the relatively small sample sizes (n = 19-355) and the multiple types (n = 9), frequencies (1-7 day/week), and durations (5-60 minutes/time) of exercise protocols used in these studies, future research is necessary to explore differences in the types and subgroup effects of exercise. CONCLUSIONS: The results from this systematic review indicate that the combined exercise model has consistent benefits in terms of helping prevent and alleviate the symptoms of CIPN. In clinical practice, healthcare providers may consider encouraging cancer patients to initiate mild physical activity when their physical conditions are stable and without evident side effects from chemotherapy to minimize the impacts of CIPN on daily functioning and quality of life.

Systematic review

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Effects of mindfulness-based intervention on glycemic control and psychological outcomes in people with diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

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Authors Ni YX , Ma L , Li JP
Journal Journal of diabetes investigation
Year 2021
Links Pubmed DOI PubMed Central

This article includes 11 Primary studies 9 Primary studies (11 references)

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AIM: Psychological therapies showed benefits on both glycemic control and psychological outcomes in people with diabetes. However, the effects of mindfulness-based intervention (MBI) on glycemic control and psychological outcomes are inconsistent across studies and the evidence for MBI has not been summarized. We aim to identify the effects of MBI on glycemic control and psychological outcomes in people with diabetes by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS: Six databases (Pubmed, Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane, Web of science, and PsycINFO) were searched from inception to October 2019. Randomized controlled trials of MBI for people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes were included. Two authors independently extracted relevant data and assessed risk of bias, with a third reviewer as arbitrator. Sub-group analyses and sensitivity analyses were also performed. RESULTS: Eight studies with 841 participants met eligibility criteria. Meta-analysis demonstrated that MBI can slightly improve glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) (-0.25%, 95% CI -0.43 to -0.07) and diabetes-related distress (MD -5.81; 95% CI -10.10 to -1.52), contribute to moderate effect size in reducing depression (SMD -0.56; 95% CI -0.82 to -0.30) and stress (SMD -0.53; CI -0.75 to -0.31). Subgroup analyses demonstrated greater HbA1c reductions in subgroups with baseline HbA1c level < 8% and follow-up duration > 6 months. Mixed effects were observed for anxiety. CONCLUSIONS: MBI appears to have benefits on HbA1c, depression, stress, and diabetes-related distress in people with diabetes. More rigorous studies with longer follow-up duration are warranted to establish the full potential of MBI.

Systematic review

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Effects of mindfulness-based intervention on the treatment of problematic eating behaviors: A systematic review.

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Authors Yu J , Song P , Zhang Y , Wei Z
Journal Journal of alternative and complementary medicine (New York, N.Y.)
Year 2020
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This article includes 8 Primary studies 8 Primary studies (8 references)

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OBJECTIVES: Emerging research interest focused on mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) as a complementary approach for the treatment of problematic eating behaviors. This systematic review aims to comprehensively evaluate current evidence from randomized-controlled trials (RCTs) that have used the MBIs as the treatment for problematic eating concerns. METHODS: Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses method for systematic reviews, electronic databases, including Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid Embase, AMED, Web of Knowledge, PsycINFO, Scopus, and The Cochrane Library, were systematically searched to identify up to June 2017. Hand search of the reference lists of related systematic reviews was also conducted for detecting additional studies. Eligible studies were RCTs that employed MBIs as the primary intervention for people with problematic eating or body image concerns. RESULTS: A total of nine RCTs were included in this systematic review. In the majority of included studies, participants in MBI groups showed significant reduction in emotional eating, external eating, binge eating, and weight and shape concern. Findings also suggest that increasing mindful awareness of internal experiences and automatic patterns could be effective for the improvement of self-acceptance and emotional regulation, thereby reducing the problematic eating behaviors. CONCLUSION: This systematic review advances the understanding of MBIs as an complementary approach for problematic eating behavior treatment. Despite the variable trial qualities and some small sample sizes, this study provides initial evidence supporting the efficacy of the application of MBIs to a range of problematic eating concerns. The application of MBIs remains a promising approach for the treatment of problematic eating and merits further investigations. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)

Systematic review

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Third-wave cognitive behaviour therapies for weight management: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.

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Journal Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity
Year 2020
Links Pubmed DOI PubMed Central

This article includes 47 Primary studies 35 Primary studies (47 references)

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This systematic review and network meta-analysis synthesized evidence on the effects of third-wave cognitive behaviour therapies (3wCBT) on body weight, and psychological and physical health outcomes in adults with overweight or obesity. Studies that included a 3wCBT for the purposes of weight management and measured weight or body mass index (BMI) pre-intervention and ≥ 3 months post-baseline were identified through database searches (MEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase, Cochrane database [CENTRAL], PsycINFO, AMED, ASSIA, and Web of Science). Thirty-seven studies were eligible; 21 were randomized controlled trials (RCT) and included in the network meta-analyses. Risk of bias was assessed using RoB2, and evidence quality was assessed using GRADE. Random-effects pairwise meta-analysis found moderate- to high-quality evidence suggesting that 3wCBT had greater weight loss than standard behavioural treatment (SBT) at post-intervention (standardized mean difference [SMD]: -0.09, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.22, 0.04; N = 19; I2 = 32%), 12 months (SMD: -0.17, 95% CI: -0.36, 0.02; N = 5; I2 = 33%), and 24 months (SMD: -0.21, 95% CI: -0.42, 0.00; N = 2; I2 = 0%). Network meta-analysis compared the relative effectiveness of different types of 3wCBT that were not tested in head-to-head trials up to 18 months. Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT)-based interventions had the most consistent evidence of effectiveness. Only ACT had RCT evidence of effectiveness beyond 18 months. Meta-regression did not identify any specific intervention characteristics (dose, duration, delivery) that were associated with greater weight loss. Evidence supports the use of 3wCBT for weight management, specifically ACT. Larger trials with long-term follow-up are needed to identify who these interventions work for, their most effective components, and the most cost-effective method of delivery.

Systematic review

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Systematic review of the effectiveness of self-initiated interventions to decrease pain and sensory disturbances associated with peripheral neuropathy.

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Journal Journal of cancer survivorship : research and practice
Year 2020
Links Pubmed DOI PubMed Central

This article includes 16 Primary studies 16 Primary studies (16 references)

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PURPOSE: A small number of studies report that patients with peripheral neuropathy (PN) who engage in activities that promote a sense of personal well-being and provide physical, emotional, or spiritual comfort have a better quality of life and higher levels of adjustment to the changes generated by their illness and accompanying symptoms. This systematic review sought to evaluate the effectiveness of self-management activities that patients with PN initiate themselves to relieve PN symptoms and improve quality of life. METHODS: Search terms were limited to include self-management activities initiated by patients (i.e., activities with no or minimal involvement from clinicians) that aim to provide relief of PN symptoms. Outcomes included in searches were pain, numbness, and tingling, associated with PN and quality of life. RESULTS: The database searches identified 2979 records, of which 1620 were duplicates. A total of 1322 papers were excluded on the basis of screening the abstract. An additional 21 full text articles were excluded because they did not meet the eligibility criteria. A total of 16 papers were included in the review. CONCLUSION: This review identified that a number of self-management strategies that were initiated by patients, including heat, exercise, meditation, and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) therapy, may reduce self-reported PN symptoms. As the available studies were of low quality, these strategies warrant further investigation with more homogeneous samples, using more rigorously designed trials and larger samples. IMPLICATIONS FOR CANCER SURVIVORS: Patients experiencing PN may find a range of self-initiated strategies beneficial in reducing PN symptoms and improving quality of life. However, because of the low quality of the available studies, clinicians need to monitor patients' responses to determine the effectiveness of these interventions as adjuncts to clinician-initiated interventions.

Systematic review

Unclassified

Non-pharmacologic treatments for symptoms of diabetic peripheral neuropathy: a systematic review

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Journal Current medical research and opinion
Year 2019
Links Pubmed DOI

This article includes 23 Primary studies 23 Primary studies (23 references)

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Objective: To systematically assess benefits and harm of non-pharmacologic interventions for diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) symptoms. Methods: MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched from 1966 to May 24, 2016 for randomized controlled trials. Two reviewers evaluated studies for eligibility, serially abstracted data, evaluated risk of bias, and graded strength of evidence (SOE) for critical outcomes (pain and quality-of-life). Results: Twenty-three trials were included. For pain, alpha-lipoic acid was more effective than placebo (moderate SOE) and frequency-modulated electromagnetic stimulation was more effective than sham (low SOE) in the short-term but not the long-term. Electrical stimulation (including transcutaneous) was not effective for pain (low SOE). Spinal cord stimulation was more effective than usual care for pain (low SOE), but had serious complications, and studies had no sham arm. Evidence for cognitive behavioral therapy and acupuncture was insufficient; no exercise or physical therapy trials met inclusion criteria. No interventions reported sufficient evidence on quality-of-life. Most studies were short-term with unclear risk of bias. Conclusions: Alpha-lipoic acid and spinal cord stimulation were effective for pain; studies were short-term with quality deficits. Spinal cord stimulation had serious adverse events. Further research should address long-term outcomes and other non-pharmacologic treatments. © 2018, © 2018 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

Systematic review

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Mindfulness-based interventions for weight loss: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

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Journal Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity
Year 2018
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This article includes 18 Primary studies 18 Primary studies (18 references)

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BACKGROUND: An increasing number of studies are investigating the efficacy of mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) for weight loss and obesity-related eating behaviours. However, the results of past reviews are inconsistent. OBJECTIVE: To clarify these inconsistencies, we conducted a comprehensive effect-size analysis to evaluate the efficacy of MBIs on weight loss and eating behaviours. DATA SOURCE: Data sources were identified through a systematic review of studies published in journals or as dissertations in PsychINFO, PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, Medline and Scopus, ProQuest or OATD from the first available date to March 10, 2017. REVIEW METHODS: A total of 18 publications (19 studies, n = 1,160) were included. RESULTS: Mean weight loss for MBIs at post-treatment was 6.8 and 7.5 lb at follow-up. In pre-post comparisons, effect-size estimates suggest that MBIs are moderately effective for weight loss (n = 16; Hedge's g = .42; 95% CI [.26, .59], p < .000001) and largely effective in reducing obesity-related eating behaviours (n = 10; Hedge's g = .70; CI 95% [.36, 1.04], p < .00005). Larger effects on weight loss were found in studies that used a combination of informal and formal meditation practice (n = 6; Hedge's g = .55; CI 95% [.32, .77], p < .00001) compared with formal meditation practice alone (n = 4; Hedge's g = .46; CI [.10, .83], p < .05). CONCLUSION: Results suggest that MBIs are effective in reducing weight and improving obesity-related eating behaviours among individuals with overweight and obesity. Further research is needed to examine their efficacy for weight loss maintenance.

Systematic review

Unclassified

A structured literature review on the role of mindfulness, mindful eating and intuitive eating in changing eating behaviours: effectiveness and associated potential mechanisms.

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Authors Warren JM , Smith N , Ashwell M
Journal Nutrition research reviews
Year 2017
Links Pubmed DOI

This article includes 42 Primary studies 41 Primary studies (42 references)

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The role of mindfulness, mindful eating and a newer concept of intuitive eating in modulating eating habits is an area of increasing interest. In this structured literature review, a summary of the current evidence is presented, together with details of interventions undertaken and the tools to measure outcomes. It is broad in scope given the emerging evidence base in this area. The review yielded sixty-eight publications: twenty-three interventions in obese/overweight populations; twenty-nine interventions in normal-weight populations; sixteen observational studies, three of which were carried out in overweight/obese populations. Mindfulness-based approaches appear most effective in addressing binge eating, emotional eating and eating in response to external cues. There is a lack of compelling evidence for the effectiveness of mindfulness and mindful eating in weight management. Mindfulness-based approaches may prevent weight gain. Reduced food intake was seen in some of the studies in overweight and obese populations, but this was less apparent in the studies in normal-weight populations. The evidence base for intuitive eating is limited to date and further research is needed to examine its potential in altering eating behaviours. Mindfulness appears to work by an increased awareness of internal, rather than external, cues to eat. Mindfulness and mindful eating have the potential to address problematic eating behaviours and the challenges many face with controlling their food intake. Encouraging a mindful eating approach would seem to be a positive message to be included in general weight management advice to the public.

Systematic review

Unclassified

The effects of mindfulness training on weight-loss and health-related behaviours in adults with overweight and obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

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Journal Obesity research & clinical practice
Year 2017
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This article includes 11 Primary studies 11 Primary studies (11 references)

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The aim of this study was to conduct a comprehensive quantitative synthesis of the effects of mindfulness training interventions on weight-loss and health behaviours in adults with overweight and obesity using meta-analytic techniques. Studies included in the analysis (k=12) were randomised controlled trials investigating the effects of any form of mindfulness training on weight loss, impulsive eating, binge eating, or physical activity participation in adults with overweight and obesity. Random effects meta-analysis revealed that mindfulness training had no significant effect on weight loss, but an overall negative effect on impulsive eating (d=-1.13) and binge eating (d=-.90), and a positive effect on physical activity levels (d=.42). Meta-regression analysis showed that methodological features of included studies accounted for 100% of statistical heterogeneity of the effects of mindfulness training on weight loss (R(2)=1,00). Among methodological features, the only significant predictor of weight loss was follow-up distance from post-intervention (β=1.18; p<.05), suggesting that the longer follow-up distances were associated with greater weight loss. Results suggest that mindfulness training has short-term benefits on health-related behaviours. Future studies should explore the effectiveness of mindfulness training on long-term post-intervention weight loss in adults with overweight and obesity.

Systematic review

Unclassified

Exercise interventions for the improvement of falls-related outcomes among older adults with diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analyses.

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Journal Journal of diabetes and its complications
Year 2017
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This article includes 16 Primary studies 16 Primary studies (16 references)

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INTRODUCTION: Falls as a complication of diabetes mellitus (DM) can have a major impact on the health of older adults. Previous reviews have demonstrated that certain exercise interventions are effective at reducing falls in older people; however, no studies have quantified the effectiveness of exercise interventions on falls-related outcomes among older adults with DM. METHODS: A systematic search for all years to September 2015 identified available literature. Eligibility criteria included: appropriate exercise intervention/s; assessed falls-related outcomes; older adults with DM. Effect sizes were pooled using a random effects model. Positive effect sizes favoured the intervention. RESULTS: Ten RCTs were eligible for the meta-analyses. Exercise interventions were more effective than the control condition for static balance (0.53, 95% CI: 0.13 to 0.93), lower-limb strength (0.63, 95% CI: 0.09 to 1.18), and gait (0.59, 95% CI: 0.22 to 0.96). No RCTs assessed falls-risk; one RCT reported 12month falls-rate, with no differential treatment effect observed. CONCLUSION: Exercise interventions can improve certain falls-related outcomes among older adults with DM. Substantial heterogeneity and limited numbers of studies should be considered when interpreting results. Among older adults, where DM burden is increasing, exercise interventions may provide promising approaches to assist the improvement of falls-related outcomes.