Primary studies included in this systematic review

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Primary study

Unclassified

Feasibility of delivering evidence-based HIV/STI prevention programming to a community sample of African American teen girls via the internet.

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Journal AIDS education and prevention : official publication of the International Society for AIDS Education
Year 2013
Links Pubmed DOI PubMed Central

This article is included in 4 Systematic reviews Systematic reviews (4 references)

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The current study examined the feasibility of an HIV/STI prevention intervention for African American female adolescents. The intervention SiHLEWeb is a web-based adaptation of the evidence-based intervention, Sistas, Informing, Healing, Living, and Empowering (SiHLE). Participants were 41 African American girls aged 13 to 18 years, recruited in collaboration with community partners (local high schools, Department of Juvenile Justice, child advocacy center, medical university). Results support the feasibility of recruitment, screening, and follow-up retention methods. The majority (63.4%) of recruited participants completed the intervention, taking an average of 4.5 (SD = 3.63) site visits. Completers of SiHLEWeb demonstrated increases in knowledge regarding HIV/STI risks and risk reduction behavior [<i>t</i>(18) = 4.74, <i>p</i> &lt; .001], as well as significant increases in condom use self-efficacy [<i>t</i>(16) = 2.41, <i>p</i> = .03]. Findings provide preliminary support for the large-scale, randomized-controlled trial of the efficacy of SiHLEWeb to reduce high-risk sexual behavior among female African American adolescents. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved)

Primary study

Unclassified

A sex risk reduction text-message program for young adult females discharged from the emergency department.

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Journal The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine
Year 2013
Links Pubmed DOI

This article is included in 3 Systematic reviews Systematic reviews (3 references)

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PURPOSE: To pilot test a text message (SMS) sex risk reduction program among at-risk young adult female patients discharged from an emergency department (ED). METHODS: A convenience sample of 52 female patients with hazardous drinking behavior and recent risky sexual encounters were recruited from an urban ED and randomized to the SMS program (n = 23) or a control group (n = 29). All participants completed a web-based questionnaire in the ED and at 3-month follow-up. For 12 weeks, SMS participants were asked to report whether they had a risky sexual encounter in the past week, received theory-based feedback, and were asked if they were willing set a goal to refrain from having another risky encounter. RESULTS: Thirty-nine percent of SMS participants completed all weeks of SMS reports, and noncompletion increasing from 12% on week 1 to a 33% by week 12. Three-month follow-up was completed in 56% of participants. In the intervention group, there was an increase in the proportion with condom use with last vaginal sex from 20% (95% CI 4%–48%) to 53% (95% CI 27%–79%) and an increase in always condom use over the past 28 days from 0% (95% CI 0%–22%) to 33% (95% CI 12%–62%). These changes were not statistically different from control participants. CONCLUSIONS: SMS programs may be useful to reduce risk for sexually transmitted diseases among at-risk young adults being discharged from the ED. Future trials should examine ways to improve adherence to SMS dialog over time and measure objective outcomes in a larger sample. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved)

Primary study

Unclassified

Social media–delivered sexual health intervention: A cluster randomized controlled trial.

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Journal American journal of preventive medicine
Year 2012
Links Pubmed DOI PubMed Central

This article is included in 4 Systematic reviews Systematic reviews (4 references)

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BACKGROUND: Youth are using social media regularly and represent a group facing substantial risk for sexually transmitted infection (STI). Although there is evidence that the Internet can be used effectively in supporting healthy sexual behavior, this has not yet extended to social networking sites. PURPOSE: To determine whether STI prevention messages delivered via Facebook are effıcacious in preventing increases in sexual risk behavior at 2 and 6 months. DESIGN: Cluster RCT, October 2010–May 2011. Setting/participants: Individuals (seeds) recruited in multiple settings (online, via newspaper ads and face-to-face) were asked to recruit three friends, who in turn recruited additional friends, extending three waves from the seed. Seeds and waves of friends were considered networks and exposed to either the intervention or control condition. Intervention: Exposure to Just/Us, a Facebook page developed with youth input, or to control content on 18–24 News, a Facebook page with current events for 2 months. Main outcome measures: Condom use at last sex and proportion of sex acts protected by condoms. Repeated measures of nested data were used to model main effects of exposure to Just/Us and time by treatment interaction. RESULTS: A total of 1578 participants enrolled, with 14% Latino and 35% African-American; 75% of participants completed at least one study follow-up. Time by treatment effects were observed at 2 months for condom use (intervention 68% vs control 56%, <i>p</i> = 0.04) and proportion of sex acts protected by condoms (intervention 63% vs control 57%, <i>p</i> = 0.03) where intervention participation reduced the tendency for condom use to decrease over time. No effects were seen at 6 months. CONCLUSIONS: Social networking sites may be venues for effıcacious health education interventions. More work is needed to understand what elements of social media are compelling, how network membership influences effects, and whether linking social media to clinical and social services can be beneficial. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved)

Primary study

Unclassified

The potential influence of a social media intervention on risky sexual behavior and Chlamydia incidence.

Authors Jones K , Baldwin KA , Lewis PR
Journal Journal of community health nursing
Year 2012
Links Pubmed DOI

This article is included in 4 Systematic reviews Systematic reviews (4 references)

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The purpose of this descriptive pilot study was to evaluate an evidence-based social-networking intervention aimed at reducing the incidence of Chlamydia among 15- to 24-year-olds. The intervention consists of a Facebook site that addresses signs, symptoms, treatment, screening, and prevention of Chlamydia infection. Findings included a 23% self-reported increase in condom utilization, and a 54% reduction in positive Chlamydia cases among 15- to 17-year-olds. Study results support that social media may be an effective mechanism for information dissemination and the promotion of positive behavioral changes among this population.

Primary study

Unclassified

Impact of text and email messaging on the sexual health of young people: A randomised controlled trial

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Journal Journal of epidemiology and community health
Year 2012
Links Pubmed DOI

This article is included in 2 Systematic reviews Systematic reviews (2 references)

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Objective: To carry out a randomised controlled trial on the effect of a new method of health promotion-email and mobile phone text messages (short messaging service (SMS))-on young people's sexual health. Methods: 994 people aged 16-29 were recruited at a music festival to a non-blinded randomised controlled trial. Participants were randomised to either receive sexual health promotion messages (n=507) or the control group (n=487). The 12-month intervention included SMS (catchy sexually transmissible infections prevention slogans) and emails. Participants completed questionnaires at the festival at baseline and online after 3, 6 and 12 months. Outcomes were differences between the control and intervention groups in healthseeking behaviour, condom use with risky partners (new or casual partners or two or more partners within 12 months) and STI knowledge. Results: 337 (34%) completed all three follow-up questionnaires and 387 (39%) completed the final questionnaire. At 12 months, STI knowledge was higher in the intervention group for both male (OR=3.19 95% CI 1.52 to 6.69) and female subjects (OR=2.36 95% CI 1.27 to 4.37). Women (but not men) in the intervention group were more likely to have had an STI test (OR=2.51, 95% CI 1.11 to 5.69), or discuss sexual health with a clinician (OR=2.92, 95% CI 1.66 to 5.15) than their control counterparts. There was no significant impact on condom use. Opinions of the messages were favourable. Conclusion: This simple intervention improved STI knowledge in both sexes and STI testing in women, but had no impact on condom use. SMS and email are low cost, popular and convenient, and have considerable potential for health promotion. Clinical trial registration number: Australian Clinical Trials Registry - ACTRN12605000760673.

Primary study

Unclassified

A randomised controlled trial using mobile advertising to promote safer sex and sun safety to young people.

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Journal Health Education Research
Year 2011
Links Pubmed DOI Google Scholar

This article is included in 3 Systematic reviews Systematic reviews (3 references)

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Mobile phone text messages (SMS) are a promising method of health promotion, but a simple and low cost way to obtain phone numbers is required to reach a wide population. We conducted a randomised controlled trial with simultaneous brief interventions to (i) evaluate effectiveness of messages related to safer sex and sun safety and (ii) pilot the use of mobile advertising for health promotion. Mobile advertising subscribers aged 16–29 years residing in Victoria, Australia (<i>n</i> = 7606) were randomised to the ‘sex’ or ‘sun’ group and received eight messages during the 2008–2009 summer period. Changes in sex- and sun-related knowledge and behaviour were measured by questionnaires completed on mobile phones. At follow-up, the sex group had significantly higher sexual health knowledge and fewer sexual partners than the sun group. The sun group had no change in hat-wearing frequency compared with a significant decline in hat-wearing frequency in the sex group. This is the first study of mobile advertising for health promotion, which can successfully reach most young people. Challenges experienced with project implementation and evaluation should be considered as new technological approaches to health promotion continue to be expanded. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved)

Primary study

Unclassified

A pilot programme using mobile phones for HIV prevention.

Journal Journal of telemedicine and telecare
Year 2011
Links Pubmed DOI

This article is included in 3 Systematic reviews Systematic reviews (3 references)

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We explored the feasibility of engaging young black men in a 12-week text messaging programme about HIV prevention. There were two non-randomized groups of 30 young men each. The participants were aged 16-20 years, self-identifying as black or African-American, sexually active, who owned a mobile phone and lived in Philadelphia. They received three text messages per week for 12 weeks. People in the intervention group received text messages about HIV prevention, while those in the control group received text messages about nutrition. The intervention participants showed trends in increased monogamy at follow-up compared to controls. Awareness of sexual health was significantly higher in the intervention group. Condom norms were significantly higher for the control group. There were no differences in the proportion of protected sex acts. The participants embraced the project, and were enrolled and retained in numbers that suggest such an intervention is worth examining for efficacy.

Primary study

Unclassified

Determining the impact of text messaging for sexual health promotion to young people.

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Journal Sexually transmitted diseases
Year 2011
Links Pubmed DOI

This article is included in 4 Systematic reviews Systematic reviews (4 references)

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BACKGROUND: The use of new technologies, such as mobile phones and internet, has increased dramatically in recent years. Text messages offer a novel method of sexual health promotion to young people who are the greatest users of new technology and are also at high risk of sexually transmitted infections (STIs). METHODS: In January 2008, young people aged between 16 and 29 years were recruited from a music festival in Melbourne, Australia. They completed a short survey and were asked to provide their mobile phone numbers. Participants received fortnightly short messaging service (SMS) relating to sexual health for 4 months, and then completed an online follow-up survey. Survey data were weighted to account for those lost to follow-up. McNemar's test was used to compare changes in survey responses. RESULTS: A total of 1771 participants were included in analysis as they were sexually active and provided a valid mobile phone number at baseline. In all, 18% (319/1771) withdrew from receiving the SMS during the broadcast period and 40% (587/1452) completed the follow-up survey. The majority reported on the follow-up survey that they found the SMS entertaining (80%), informative (68%), and they showed the SMS to others (73%). Weighted analyses found a significant increase in knowledge (P < 0.01) and STI testing (P < 0.05) over time in both males and females. CONCLUSION: The findings indicate that SMS appear to be a feasible, popular, and effective method of sexual health promotion to young people with a relatively low withdrawal rate, positive feedback, and an observed improvement in sexual health knowledge and STI testing.

Primary study

Unclassified

The effect of health education through the internet on university female students' hepatitis B knowledge and cognition.

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Authors Huang YW , Hung CH
Journal Journal of clinical nursing
Year 2009
Links Pubmed DOI

This article is included in 1 Systematic review Systematic reviews (1 reference)

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AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of internet health education on female university students' knowledge and cognition regarding hepatitis B. BACKGROUND: One of the focal points of preventing hepatitis B is to improve students' knowledge of hepatitis B. The internet is thought to attract learners, ensure privacy and provide channels for help. DESIGN: Cluster sampling was used to select 189 female students from two universities in Kaohsiung City. The participants were divided into 130 participants who agreed to participate in an internet health education program and 59 who did not. METHOD: The participants were administered questionnaires on 'hepatitis B knowledge' and 'hepatitis B cognition' before, two weeks after and four weeks after the health education intervention. The experimental group received an additional 'user satisfaction' survey at two weeks after the health education intervention. RESULTS: Participants in the internet hepatitis B educational program scored significantly higher in knowledge of hepatitis B at two and four weeks post intervention. No significant score differences were found in hepatitis B cognition in either of the groups two and four weeks. Sixty per cent of the experimental group indicated that the program was easy to understand, 67.69% found it helpful, 66.15% were generally satisfied with the content. Almost 67% (66.92%) thought the university should adopt and promote the web site. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: This study provides health professionals with a reference for hepatitis B health education programs.

Primary study

Unclassified

+CLICK: harnessing web-based training to reduce secondary transmission among HIV-positive youth.

Journal AIDS care
Year 2009
Links Pubmed DOI PubMed Central

This article is included in 2 Systematic reviews Systematic reviews (2 references)

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Adolescents and young adults account for over 10 million HIV infections worldwide. Prevention of secondary transmission is a major concern as many HIV-positive youth continue to engage in risky sexual behavior. This study pilot-tested " + CLICK", an innovative, web-based, sexual risk reduction intervention for HIV-positive youth as an adjunct to traditional clinic-based, self-management education. The theory-based application, developed for perinatally and behaviorally infected youth 13-24 years of age, provides tailored activities addressing attitudes, knowledge, skills, and self-efficacy related to sexual risk reduction. HIV-positive youth (N=32) pilot-tested " + CLICK" to assess usability (ease of use, credibility, understandability, acceptability, motivation) and short-term psychosocial outcomes (importance and self-efficacy related to abstinence and condom use) using a single group, pre-/post-test study design in a hospital-based pediatric clinic and community locations. A subsample of participants (n=20) assessed feasibility for clinic use. Participants were 62.5% female, 68.8% Black, and 28.1% Hispanic. Mean age was 17.8 years (SD = 2.55), 43.8% were infected behaviorally, 56.2% perinatally, and 68.8% were sexually experienced. Usability ratings were high: 84.4% rated the application very easy to use; 93.8% perceived content as trustworthy; 87.5% agreed most words were understandable; 87.5% would use the application again. Short-term psychosocial outcomes indicate a significant increase in condom use self-efficacy (p=0.008) and positive trends toward importance (p=0.067) and self-efficacy (p=0.071) for waiting before having sex. Regarding feasibility, participants accessed " + CLICK" during waiting periods (average time, 15 minutes) in their routine clinic visit. Clinic staff rated " + CLICK" highly in providing consistent, confidential, and motivational sexual health education without significant disruption to clinic flow. Results suggest that the application is a feasible tool for use in the clinic and has the potential to affect psychological antecedents to sexual behavior change. Further research on long-term and behavioral effects is indicated prior to broader dissemination into clinical practice.