Une fois par jour l'énoxaparine dans le cadre ambulatoire par rapport héparine non fractionnée à l'hôpital pour le traitement symptomatique de la thrombose veineuse profonde.

BACKGROUND:

Once- and twice-daily low-molecular-weight heparin administered in hospital have been shown to be effective and safe for treating deep-vein thrombosis. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of deep-vein thrombosis treatment using once-daily subcutaneous enoxaparin in the outpatient setting with intravenous unfractionated heparin in hospital.

METHODS:

This randomized, parallel-group, open-label study was conducted in 18 centers in 4 countries. In total, 298 patients with symptomatic deep-vein thrombosis who were eligible for home treatment were randomized to treatment with enoxaparin in the outpatient setting (1.5 mg/kg subcutaneously once-daily) or unfractionated heparin in hospital (5000 IU bolus and 1250 IU/hour intravenous infusion) for > or =5 days. Clinical endpoints were assessed during a 6-month follow-up period.

RESULTS:

Among all patients treated with enoxaparin, there was a trend towards fewer recurrent deep-vein thromboses (1.3% vs. 5.4%; p = 0.060) and pulmonary emboli (1.3% vs. 4.1%; p = 0.17) compared with patients treated with unfractionated heparin. When considering a post-hoc combined endpoint of deep-vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, significantly fewer events occurred in the enoxaparin group than in the unfractionated-heparin group (2.7% vs. 8.8%; p = 0.026). The incidences of bleeding events and adverse events in the enoxaparin and unfractionated-heparin groups were similar.

CONCLUSIONS:

Once-daily subcutaneous enoxaparin in the outpatient setting is at least as effective and as well tolerated as in-hospital intravenous unfractionated heparin for treatment of deep-vein thrombosis.