This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of eHealth interventions on symptom management outcomes of patients undergoing CABG surgery. A systematic review was performed on CINAHL, PubMed, Web of Science, Ovid MEDLINE, and Scopus from 2006 to June 2022. The Joanna Briggs Institute's evaluation tools for RCT and quasi-experimental studies were used to assess the methodological quality of the publications included in this review and to determine the extent to which each publication addressed the possibility of bias in its design. The raters' agreement was determined by using Cohen's kappa test, which yielded a kappa coefficient of 0.51. (PROSPERO registration number: CRD42023398498). A systematic analysis of 11 publications involving 2.586 patients showed that the eHealth intervention effectively increased activity and self-management. eHealth interventions, which are also effective in the management of psychological problems, had results that were partially effective in pain management and effective in quality of life. Digital healthcare has become an important component of patient care. Nurses providing care should be aware that eHealth interventions are showing promising results in patient care.

In Western tonal music, major and minor modes are recognized as the primary musical features in eliciting emotional responses. The underlying correlates of this dichotomy in music perception have been extensively investigated through decades of psychological and neuroscientific research, yielding plentiful yet often discordant results that highlight the complexity and individual differences in how these modes are perceived. This variability suggests that a deeper understanding of major-minor mode perception in music is still needed. We present the first comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis, providing both qualitative and quantitative syntheses of major-minor mode perception and its behavioural and neural correlates. The qualitative synthesis includes 70 studies, revealing significant diversity in how the major-minor dichotomy has been empirically investigated. Most studies focused on adults, considered participants' expertise, used real-life musical stimuli, conducted behavioural evaluations, and were predominantly performed with Western listeners. Meta-analyses of behavioural, electroencephalography, and neuroimaging data (37 studies) consistently show that major and minor modes elicit distinct neural and emotional responses, though these differences are heavily influenced by subjective perception. Based on our findings, we propose a framework to describe a Major-Minor Mode(l) of music perception and its correlates, incorporating individual factors such as age, expertise, cultural background, and emotional disorders. Moreover, this work explores the cultural and historical implications of the major-minor dichotomy in music, examining its origins, universality, and emotional associations across both Western and non-Western contexts. By considering individual differences and acoustic characteristics, we contribute to a broader understanding of how musical frameworks develop across cultures. Limitations, implications, and suggestions for future research are discussed, including potential clinical applications for mood regulation and emotional disorders, alongside recommendations for experimental paradigms in investigating major-minor modes.

BACKGROUND: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), which offer previously unknown therapeutic advantages, have revolutionized cancer treatment. However, the risk of thromboembolic events (TEEs) associated with ICIs remains unclear. The aim of this network meta-analysis (NMA) was to evaluate the incidence of TEEs in cancer patients receiving different treatment regimens. METHODS: We searched for randomized clinical trials (RCTs) between January 2021 and December 2023 without restricting the cancer type. The percentages of TEEs were systematically extracted. An NMA was performed comparing atezolizumab, cemiplimab, durvalumab, ipilimumab, nivolumab, pembrolizumab, conventional therapy (which consists mainly of chemotherapy, targeted therapy, placebo, and their combinations), two ICI drugs, one ICI drug combined with conventional therapy, and two ICI drugs combined with conventional therapy. Additionally, subgroup analysis was conducted based on cancer type. RESULTS: Eighty-three RCTs involving 54,736 patients were included. Patients receiving ICIs demonstrated comparable risks of arterial thromboembolism (ATE), deep vein thrombosis (DVT), myocardial infarction (MI), and cerebrovascular accidents (CVAs). Nivolumab (OR 0.39, 95 % CI 0.19 to 0.80) and two ICI drugs (OR 0.52, 95 % CI 0.29 to 0.89) had the lowest risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) compared to two ICI drugs with conventional therapy. The risk of pulmonary embolism (PE) was greater for ipilimumab (OR 4.09, 95 % CI 1.13 to 15.51) than for nivolumab. For melanoma in the subgroup analysis, nivolumab significantly reduced the risk of VTE (OR 0.07, 95 % CI 0.00 to 0.76) compared to two ICI drugs. Among the single-ICI regimens, durvalumab was associated with the highest incidence of ATE, MI, and CVAs; ipilimumab had the highest incidence of VTE and PE; and pembrolizumab had the highest incidence of DVT. The combination of one ICI drug with conventional therapy was associated with a significantly greater risk of TEEs (except for MI) than the combination of two ICI drugs. CONCLUSIONS: Various ICI regimens in cancer patients exhibit clinically significant differences in the risks of TEEs. Nivolumab exhibited a favorable safety profile regarding VTE, while ipilimumab had the highest risk of both VTE and PE. Different ICI regimens require tailored risk management strategies to reduce TEEs.

BACKGROUND: Issues related to sport teaching at different educational stages is a subject of wide interest. Teaching Games for Understanding has been established as the most effective way to teach students the elements related to the field of sport. The objectives of this study were (a) to examine the impact of the Teaching Games for Understanding model on decision-making in sports education and (b) to compare the effect of the interventions analysed according to educational stage. METHOD: A systematic review and meta-analysis of studies published before August 2024 was conducted. A total of 4937 scientific studies were obtained. The quantitative synthesis consisted of 25 scientific articles (n = 1692). The studies were analyzed using three-level random effects models with variance estimation. Results were calculated as raw mean differences and Hedges' g effect sizes. RESULTS: This model is suitable for decision-making in sports education (g = 0.82; CI 95% = [0.55; 1.09]). This pedagogical model was also found to be effective for working on decision-making in primary education (g = 0.6108; CI 95% = [0.3587; 0.8628]), secondary education (g = 0.7523; CI 95% = [0.2348; 1.2706]) and higher education (g = 0.8803 [CI 95% = 0.2851 to 1.4855]). CONCLUSIONS: Teaching games for understanding effectively addresses decision-making during sports learning. In addition, this pedagogical model is effective for facilitating decision-making according to the role and the moment of the game. The use of this model enables effective technical-tactical learning to solve various problematic actions in real game situations.

BACKGROUND: Increased ribosome biogenesis is required for tumor growth. In this study, we investigated the function and underlying molecular mechanism of ribosome biogenesis factor (RBIS) in the progression of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS: In our study, we conducted a comprehensive analysis to identify key genes implicated in ribosome biogenesis by leveraging a Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) dataset. Subsequently, we performed a comparative analysis of gene expression profiles by utilizing data from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets to ascertain differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between cancerous and adjacent non-cancerous tissues. Through the intersection of gene sets derived from GSEA and GEO, we identified a cohort of ribosome-associated genes that might exert a substantial influence on the progression of lung adenocarcinoma. Following an extensive literature review, we have identified the RBIS gene as an interesting candidate for further investigation. To elucidate the in vitro functional role of RBIS, several assays was employed, including the Transwell migration and invasion assay, wound healing assay, Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) proliferation assay, and colony formation assay. Subcutaneous and tail vein injection-based lung metastasis xenograft tumor models were used in evaluating the tumorigenic potential, growth, and metastatic spread of lung cancer cells. Flow cytometry analysis was employed to investigate cell cycle distribution and apoptotic rates. Additionally, real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was utilized to quantify the mRNA expression levels of genes. To comprehensively assess the translational efficiency of nascent proteins, we employed polysome profiling analysis to provide insights into the cellular translational landscape. Furthermore, we quantified global protein synthesis using a fluorescence-based assay to measure protein synthesis rates. The immunofluorescence technology was utilized to study the subcellular reorganization of the nucleolus. We conducted co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) assays followed by Western blot analysis to identify potential proteins interacted with RBIS. The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) was used for evaluating the chemosensitivity of lung cancer cells to gemcitabine. Additionally, the colony formation assay was employed to assess the survival and proliferative capacity post-treatment of gemcitabine. RESULTS: The database analysis showed that RBIS was upregulated in lung adenocarcinoma, and its high expression was associated with poor prognosis; Knockdown of RBIS significantly inhibited NSCLC cell migration, invasion and proliferation in vitro and xenograft tumor growth and metastasis in vivo. Additionally, knockdown of RBIS led to G0/G1 phase arrest and significantly increased apoptosis in lung adenocarcinoma cells. Mechanistically, downregulation of RBIS significantly decreased the expression of 47S ribosomal RNA (rRNA), a component associated with ribosome assembly. Polysome profiling analysis indicated that RBIS knockdown affected protein translation efficiency, and global protein synthesis assay further verified that RBIS knockdown inhibited synthesis of newborn proteins. Additionally, the ribosomal biogenesis-targeting drugs CX-5461 and the loss of RBIS exhibited synergistic effects in inhibiting cell cycle progression and inducing apoptosis. Furthermore, the ribosomal maturation factor GNL2 was identified as the key downstream regulator of RBIS in ribosome biogenesis. Notably, knockdown of RBIS substantially increased the sensitivity of lung adenocarcinoma cells to the chemotherapeutic drug gemcitabine, highlighting its l role in chemotherapy. CONCLUSIONS: Collectively, these studies suggested the close involvement of RBIS in the progression of lung adenocarcinoma, providing new insights for targeted therapeutic interventions involving ribosomes.

OBJECTIVE: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a leading cause of preventable childhood blindness in preterm infants with low birth weight. The efficacy and safety of prophylactic agents, including vitamin A, propranolol and lipids, in reducing ROP incidence remain unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the effectiveness and safety of these agents in preventing ROP. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: A systematic search was conducted in Embase, MEDLINE and CENTRAL databases. Eight randomised controlled trials involving 1101 preterm infants were included. We assessed the incidence of ROP at any stage, severe ROP, adverse events and mortality. Subgroup analyses were performed for each prophylactic agent. Data were pooled using the inverse variance weighting method and reported as risk ratios (RRs) with 95% CI. RESULTS: No significant reduction in ROP incidence at any stage was found in the intervention groups compared with placebo (RR=0.83; 95% CI= (0.69 to 1.00); p=0.05; I²=0%). Lipids significantly reduced severe ROP incidence (RR=0.48; 95% CI= (0.28 to 0.80); p=0.005), while vitamin A (RR=1.14; 95% CI= (0.51 to 2.54); p=0.75) and propranolol (RR=0.69; 95% CI= (0.29 to 1.65); p=0.41) did not. There were no significant differences in adverse events (RR=0.83; 95% CI= (0.59 to 1.17); p=0.28) or mortality (RR=0.93; 95% CI= (0.67 to 1.30); p=0.68) across all groups. CONCLUSION: Lipids show promise in reducing severe ROP in preterm infants, while vitamin A and propranolol were not effective. Further research is needed to confirm these findings and explore the potential role of lipids in clinical practice.

INTRODUCTION: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease, and biomarkers are needed to enhance earlier detection and monitoring. Alpha-synuclein, phosphorylated at serine 129 (pS129-α-syn), is the predominant form of α-syn found in Lewy bodies implicating an involvement in disease pathology. This review aims to systematically evaluate the evidence for pS129-α-syn detection in human biofluid samples of PD utilizing ELISA-based protein detection methods. METHODS: A systematic review was conducted following the Preferred Reported Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Electronic searches were performed in PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases from inception to November 7th, 2024, to identify studies comparing pS129-α-syn in biofluids of PD patients with controls or related neurodegenerative disease. Risk of bias was assessed for each study. RESULTS: Twenty-three publications met the inclusion criteria, with pS129-α-syn detected in cerebrospinal fluid, plasma, red blood cells, serum, and saliva exosomes. Overall, pS129-α-syn levels were elevated in patients with PD compared to controls, and in some studies, correlated with disease severity. There was no consistent pattern when comparing PD patients to those with related neurodegenerative diseases. Significant variability in pS129-α-syn levels and considerable overlap between groups may limit the utility as a biomarker. CONCLUSION: While pS129-α-syn for PD shows some promise as a diagnostic marker for PD, its differential diagnostic utility remains limited. Further research involving larger cohorts is required. The greatest potential for pS129-α-syn may be as part of a panel with other PD-specific markers, to enhance diagnostic accuracy and prognostic value.

OBJECTIVES: Public health emergencies and disasters highlight gaps in health systems' emergency preparedness capabilities. Developing robust public health emergency management (PHEM) programs is crucial yet challenging. Existing assessment tools are limited in scope or lack standardized measurement. The aim of this study was to identify core domains of PHEM implementation status and key influencing factors. STUDY DESIGN: A scoping review. METHODS: A literature review and focused desk review were conducted. We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar to retrieve relevant studies that explored existing PHEM frameworks, core components, factors influencing implementation, and evaluation tools presented in empirical studies. Additionally, a systematic search of authoritative organizational websites was performed to identify relevant guidelines and frameworks. Subject matter experts consolidated the findings from these diverse data sources through a consultative desk review process. RESULTS: Out of 7232 studies identified, 50 studies met the eligibility criteria and were included in this review. Four core domains of PHEM implementation status were identified: overall implementation level; individual factors (capacity building, resources, engagement, and attitudes); organizational factors (information sharing, community involvement, planning, responsibilities, resources, leadership, monitoring/evaluation, coordination, infrastructure, and policies); and overarching factors (workforce, funding, governance, and collaboration. Nineteen key influencing factors emerged, including elements such as leadership, resource allocation, and stakeholder engagement. A conceptual framework was developed that incorporates these thematic domains from major health agencies and determinants identified through qualitative, quantitative, and mixed-methods research. CONCLUSION: This review developed a preliminary evaluation framework for PHEM programs based on a comprehensive synthesis of global evidence. The framework lays the groundwork for further validation and application to advance standardized assessments of PHEM capabilities across diverse contexts, ultimately aiming to strengthen health system resilience against emergencies.

Soil cadmium (Cd) contamination is a non-negligible global environmental issue as it may threaten food security and human health through soil-plant interactions. Nanomaterials have a great potential to decrease Cd bioavailability and bioaccumulation, even though the effects have been inconsistent among various studies. Here we compiled data from 137 experiments on the remediation of Cd-contaminated soils by nanomaterials. The effects of experimental design, nanomaterial properties, soil characteristics, and plant attributes on Cd bioavailability and bioaccumulation under nanomaterials application were evaluated. Results showed that incorporating nanomaterials could reduce the bioavailability of Cd in soil by 45.3 % and the bioaccumulation of Cd in plants by 37.6 %. Composite and carbon-based nanomaterials showed the most notable Cd immobilization effects at low and medium application rates, respectively. Cd-contaminated soils with low sand content, neutral pH (6.5 < pH ≤ 7.5), high organic matter (>30 g kg-1), and high cation exchange capacity (>20 cmol kg-1) are more conducive to the efficacy of nanomaterials. Among the four plant tissues, the decrease in Cd accumulation in leaf (39.4 %) and grain (37.7 %) was significantly higher than that in root (31.8 %) and stem (23.3 %) after the application of nanomaterials. Compared to other plant families, nanomaterials significantly suppressed Cd uptake by 54.7 % of Brassicaceae plants. Additionally, the Cd bioavailability showed a significantly positive correlation with Cd accumulation in the root (R2 = 0.46, p < 0.001), leaf (R2 = 0.42, p < 0.001), and grain (R2 = 0.13, p < 0.01). Overall, our results highlighted that nanomaterials are an effective solution to mitigate the hazards of Cd pollution in soil-plant systems.

OBJECTIVE: Evolving digital technology has paved the way for endless potentiality. Leveraging on digital technology for healthcare purposes can target cancer patients, thus improving physical and psychological symptoms. Nevertheless, there is limited consolidated evidence on the effectiveness of virtual reality (VR) and mobile applications. This review aimed to synthesize evidence concerning the effectiveness of VR and mobile-based interventions on physical (pain, fatigue, and sleep) and psychological (anxiety and depression) outcomes among cancer patients. METHODS: A comprehensive literature search was conducted on ten electronic databases, ongoing trials, and grey literature, reported between 2013 to 2023. All randomized controlled trials (RCTs) examining VR and mobile-based interventions on the physical or psychological outcomes among people with cancer were included. Two independent reviewers screened records for eligibility, appraised methodological quality, and extracted data from included studies. The Cochrane Risk of Bias tool was used for data appraisal, and a modified Cochrane data extraction form was used for data extraction. Meta-analysis and subgroup analysis were used to analyze data. RESULTS: In total, 43 studies were included. VR relaxation videos and game-based activities were efficacious in improving cancer-related pain. Mobile applications with educational content, symptom monitoring, relaxation videos, teleconsultation, and regular reminders contributed to positive effects on all outcomes. Mindfulness practice appeared to improve sleep quality, anxiety, and depression. Intervention effects sustained at least 6 months for all outcomes, except sleep. CONCLUSIONS: VR and mobile-based interventions had the potential to improve pain, fatigue, sleep, anxiety, and depression at post-intervention. Future RCTs are required to further test both digital interventions on specific types of cancer on multiple research settings. IMPLICATIONS TO NURSING PRACTICE: VR and mobile-based interventions can be offered in clinical settings to help cancer manage their pain, fatigue, sleep, anxiety, and depression. VR relaxation videos, game-based activities, teleconferences, mindfulness, education, and system reminders can be included.