Eficacia del tratamiento en cefalea tensional.

ObjectivesTo identify the most effective treatments for chronic tension-type headache relief.Material and methodsA systematic review was conducted in MEDLINE, PEDro, Cochrane and CINAHL databases. It included randomized controlled trials and meta-analysis with adult patients and a minimum of 15 subjects, with tension-type headache that were not migraines or headache secondary to other conditions. We selected studies published from January 1998 to October 2008, in English, including the terms Effectiveness, Tension-type headache, and Treatment. In this first search, 81 studies were found and reviewed. Subsequently, specific terms related to treatment--Pharmacology, Botulinum toxin A, Manual therapy, Physiotherapy, Physical therapy, Psychological, Osteopathy, Chiropractic and Acupuncture were included in our search. After this second search, 80 more studies were found and reviewed. Finally, 15 studies were found to meet the inclusion criteria and were selected to be analyzed in the present study.ResultsThe 15 studies analyzed include treatments with botulinum toxin, antidepressants, antidepressants and stress control therapy, kinesitherapy, kinesitherapy and massage or relaxation therapy, massage, kinesitherapy and manipulative physiotherapy, connective tissue therapy, massage and heat therapy, osteopathy muscular relaxation, cranial osteopathy, chiropractic and acupuncture.ConclusionsTreatment with botulinum toxin is the most frequently used among doctors, although there is significant controversy about its effectiveness. The most effective physiotherapy treatment consists of spinal manipulation, combined with cervical muscle stretching and massage. Tricyclic antidepressants are the most effective pharmacological treatment.