We conducted a systematic review of hygiene intervention effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2, including developing inclusion criteria, conducting the search, selecting articles for inclusion, and summarizing included articles. We reviewed 104,735 articles, and 109 articles meeting inclusion criteria were identified, with 33 additional articles identified from reference chaining. Herein, we describe results from 58 mask disinfection and reuse studies, where the majority of data were collected using N95 masks. Please note, no disinfection method consistently removed >3 log of virus irrespective of concentration, contact time, temperature, and humidity. However, results show it is possible to achieve >3 log reduction of SARS-CoV-2 using appropriate concentrations and contact times of chemical (ethanol, hydrogen peroxide, peracetic acid), radiation (PX-UV, UVGI), and thermal (autoclaving, heat) disinfection on N95 masks. N95 mask reuse and failure data indicate that hydrogen peroxide, heat, and UV-GI are promising for mask reuse, peracetic acid and PX-UV need more data, and autoclaving and ethanol lead to mask durability failures. Data on other mask types is limited. We thus recommend focusing guidelines and further research on the use of heat, hydrogen peroxide, and UVGI for N95 mask disinfection/reuse. All of these disinfection options could be investigated for use in LMIC and humanitarian contexts.
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O_FIG O_LINKSMALLFIG WIDTH=200 HEIGHT=106 SRC="FIGDIR/small/20229880v1_ufig1.gif" ALT="Figure 1">
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org.highwire.dtl.DTLVardef@154383borg.highwire.dtl.DTLVardef@37b888org.highwire.dtl.DTLVardef@33eae1org.highwire.dtl.DTLVardef@818e32_HPS_FORMAT_FIGEXP M_FIG C_FIG SynopsisIn resource-limited contexts, N95s are reused. We recommend using heat, hydrogen peroxide, or UVGI to disinfect and reuse N95 masks.
Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of PVP-I and HP as an antiseptic in reducing the viral load of Coronavirus, in addition to determining its effective concentration and application methods to be incorporated in Biosafety protocols. . Materials and Method: A research was conducted using PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases, applying the search algorithm: “(coronavirus AND (povidone-iodine OR hydrogen peroxide))” and a publication filter of the last five years. Inclusion criteria: articles published between 2015-2020; in vivo and in-vitro articles; no language restriction. Exclusion criteria: reviews; not relevant; duplicity. Results: The search generated 34 results where 17 were duplicates, which meant that 17 articles met the selection criteria. Ten articles evaluated "Oral and nasopharyngeal rinses" (ONR) and, seven assessed "Extraoral surfaces" (ES). For ONR, it was established a viricidal effect of PVP-I from concentrations of 0.23%, and for HP, it was verified an effect from 3%, both were evaluated after 15 seconds of application, with different results. In ES, the use of PH steam (HPV) stands out, demonstrating effectiveness, and the use of PVP-I from 7.5%. Conclusion: Due to the similarity of receptors and molecular structure of the different Coronaviruses, the use of viricidal agents could be common and effective. The use of 0.23% PVP-I mouthwash for 15 seconds is recommended. In extraoral disinfectants, HPV is used to reduce the viral load of SARS-CoV-2 as a complement to biosafety barriers, minimizing the risks of the spread of COVID-19.
We conducted a systematic review of hygiene intervention effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2, including developing inclusion criteria, conducting the search, selecting articles for inclusion, and summarizing included articles. We reviewed 104,735 articles, and 109 articles meeting inclusion criteria were identified, with 33 additional articles identified from reference chaining. Herein, we describe results from 58 mask disinfection and reuse studies, where the majority of data were collected using N95 masks. Please note, no disinfection method consistently removed >3 log of virus irrespective of concentration, contact time, temperature, and humidity. However, results show it is possible to achieve >3 log reduction of SARS-CoV-2 using appropriate concentrations and contact times of chemical (ethanol, hydrogen peroxide, peracetic acid), radiation (PX-UV, UVGI), and thermal (autoclaving, heat) disinfection on N95 masks. N95 mask reuse and failure data indicate that hydrogen peroxide, heat, and UV-GI are promising for mask reuse, peracetic acid and PX-UV need more data, and autoclaving and ethanol lead to mask durability failures. Data on other mask types is limited. We thus recommend focusing guidelines and further research on the use of heat, hydrogen peroxide, and UVGI for N95 mask disinfection/reuse. All of these disinfection options could be investigated for use in LMIC and humanitarian contexts.
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O_FIG O_LINKSMALLFIG WIDTH=200 HEIGHT=106 SRC="FIGDIR/small/20229880v1_ufig1.gif" ALT="Figure 1"> View larger version (22K): org.highwire.dtl.DTLVardef@154383borg.highwire.dtl.DTLVardef@37b888org.highwire.dtl.DTLVardef@33eae1org.highwire.dtl.DTLVardef@818e32_HPS_FORMAT_FIGEXP M_FIG C_FIG SynopsisIn resource-limited contexts, N95s are reused. We recommend using heat, hydrogen peroxide, or UVGI to disinfect and reuse N95 masks.
