BACKGROUND: Rejection and infection can occur after kidney transplantation and are important factors in preserving graft kidney function. The use of immunosuppressant agents in transplantation is therefore important, and the question of which induction therapy should be used as an immunosuppressant is controversial.
OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to assess the comparative benefits and harms of various maintenance immunosuppressive induction agents in adults undergoing kidney transplantation by using a network meta-analysis and to generate rankings of the different immunosuppressive regimens according to their safety and efficacy.
METHODS: CENTRAL, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Science Citation Index Expanded, World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, and trial registers were searched until May 2017 to identify randomized controlled trials on immunosuppression for kidney transplantation.
RESULTS: Twenty-seven studies involving 4484 participants were eligible for analysis. Induction and maintenance treatments were administered for 12 months. There was no evidence of differences in outcomes between therapies on all-cause mortality, graft loss, cytomegalovirus, BK virus, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, and biopsy-proven acute rejection. However, compared with intravenous basiliximab (an interleukin-2 receptor antagonist [IL-2RA]), the most effective treatments to decrease biopsy-proven acute rejection were intravenous alemtuzumab and rabbit antithymocyte globulin (rATG). The odds ratios were 0.45 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.29-40.78) and 0.63 (95% CI, 0.42-0.95), respectively. As a side effect, rATG was accompanied by more bacterial infection than the IL-2RA (OR, 1.8 [95% CI, 1.01-2.8]).
CONCLUSIONS: The determination of induction in kidney transplantation is important for future prognosis of the graft kidney. Alemtuzumab and rATG exhibited lower biopsy-proven acute rejection than the IL-2RA. As a side effect, rATG produced frequent bacterial infections.
Los antagonistas del receptor de la interleucina-2 (IL-2RA) han sido ampliamente utilizados en pacientes trasplantados de riñón para prevenir la aparición de rechazo agudo. La eficacia y la seguridad del basiliximab y del daclizumab, los dos IL-2RA más comúnmente utilizados en las clínicas, se han comparado en una serie de ensayos controlados aleatorios, pero no se han extraído conclusiones definitivas. OBJETIVO: Este meta-análisis tuvo como objetivo comparar la eficacia y seguridad de basiliximab y daclizumab en pacientes trasplantados renales. Métodos: Se realizaron búsquedas de palabras clave en Pubmed, Embase y la biblioteca Cochrane. En total, 6 ensayos controlados aleatorios con 509 pacientes fueron incluidos en este metanálisis. Los datos recogidos incluyeron supervivencia del paciente, supervivencia del injerto, rechazo agudo, infección y infección por citomegalovirus. La medida de resultado fue el riesgo relativo de basiliximab frente al daclizumab. RESULTADOS: El tratamiento con basiliximab y daclizumab produjo resultados similares en cuanto al rechazo agudo (intervalo de confianza [IC] del 95%, 0,09-1,14; IC del 95% a 12 meses, 0,53-1,91), supervivencia del paciente (IC del 95%, 0,97 -1,04), supervivencia del injerto (IC del 95%, 0,98-1,08), infección (IC del 95%, 0,66-1,01) e infección por citomegalovirus (IC del 95%, 0,45-1,14) en el período de seguimiento. No hubo diferencias significativas en la seguridad y la eficacia entre los 2 fármacos. CONCLUSIONES: La seguridad y eficacia de daclizumab y basiliximab son similares en los receptores de trasplante renal.
Rejection and infection can occur after kidney transplantation and are important factors in preserving graft kidney function. The use of immunosuppressant agents in transplantation is therefore important, and the question of which induction therapy should be used as an immunosuppressant is controversial.
OBJECTIVE:
The goal of this study was to assess the comparative benefits and harms of various maintenance immunosuppressive induction agents in adults undergoing kidney transplantation by using a network meta-analysis and to generate rankings of the different immunosuppressive regimens according to their safety and efficacy.
METHODS:
CENTRAL, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Science Citation Index Expanded, World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, and trial registers were searched until May 2017 to identify randomized controlled trials on immunosuppression for kidney transplantation.
RESULTS:
Twenty-seven studies involving 4484 participants were eligible for analysis. Induction and maintenance treatments were administered for 12 months. There was no evidence of differences in outcomes between therapies on all-cause mortality, graft loss, cytomegalovirus, BK virus, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, and biopsy-proven acute rejection. However, compared with intravenous basiliximab (an interleukin-2 receptor antagonist [IL-2RA]), the most effective treatments to decrease biopsy-proven acute rejection were intravenous alemtuzumab and rabbit antithymocyte globulin (rATG). The odds ratios were 0.45 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.29-40.78) and 0.63 (95% CI, 0.42-0.95), respectively. As a side effect, rATG was accompanied by more bacterial infection than the IL-2RA (OR, 1.8 [95% CI, 1.01-2.8]).
CONCLUSIONS:
The determination of induction in kidney transplantation is important for future prognosis of the graft kidney. Alemtuzumab and rATG exhibited lower biopsy-proven acute rejection than the IL-2RA. As a side effect, rATG produced frequent bacterial infections.
