Estudios primarios incluidos en esta revisión sistemática

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Estudio primario

No clasificado

Revista Gynecological surgery
Año 2012
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Postoperative adhesions are the most frequent complication of peritoneal surgery, causing small bowel obstruction, female infertility and chronic pain. This pilot study assessed the efficacy of a sprayable polyethylene glycol (PEG) barrier in the prevention of de novo adhesions. 16 patients undergoing laparoscopic gynecological surgery were randomly assigned by shuffled sealed envelopes to receive either the adhesion barrier or no adhesion prevention. Incidence and severity of adhesions were scored at eight sites in the pelvis and reassessed by second look laparoscopy. Adhesion prevention was considered successful if no de novo adhesion were found at second look laparoscopy. One patient was excluded before randomization. Nine patients were randomized to treatment and six patients to control group. De novo adhesions were found in 0/9 patients who received the PEG barrier compared to 4/6 without adhesion prevention (0% vs. 67%, P=0.01). Reduction in adhesion score was significantly greater in patients receiving PEG barrier (-2.6 vs. -0.06, P=0.03). Meta-analysis of three randomized trials demonstrated that PEG barrier reduces the incidence of adhesions (odds ratio [OR]=0.27; 95% CI 0.11-0.67). From this study, PEG barrier seems effective in reducing postoperative formation of de novo adhesions. © 2011 The Author(s).

Estudio primario

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Revista Human reproduction (Oxford, England)
Año 2011
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ANTECEDENTES: La cirugía laparoscópica ginecológica resultados pueden verse comprometidas por la formación de adherencias de novo. Este estudio aleatorizado, doble ciego fue diseñado para evaluar la eficacia y seguridad de la solución de icodextrina 4% (Adepto (®)) en la reducción de la incidencia de novo adherencia en comparación con solución de Ringer lactato (LRS). MÉTODOS: Los pacientes sometidos a cirugía laparoscópica para la eliminación de los miomas o quistes endometriósicos fueron tratados con solución aleatorio como un irrigante intraoperatoria y 1l instilado postoperatorio. La incidencia de la adhesión de novo (número de sitios con adherencias), severidad y extensión se obtuvo de forma independiente en un procedimiento de segunda exploración y la eficacia de las dos soluciones en comparación. El efecto de las covariables quirúrgicas en la formación de adherencias también se investigó. Se progresó análisis exploratorio inicial de sitios anatómicos individuales de importancia clínica. RESULTADOS De 498 pacientes asignados al azar, 330 fueron evaluables (160 LRS - 75% miomectomía / 25% de los quistes de endometriosis; 170 Adept - 79% miomectomía / 21% quistes de endometriosis). Al final del estudio, el 76,2% y el 77,6% LRS Adepto tenía ≥ 1 la adhesión de novo. El número medio (SD) de adherencias de novo fue 2,58 (2,11) para Adepto y 2.58 (2.38) para LRS. La diferencia del efecto del tratamiento no fue significativa (p = 0,909). Evaluación de las covariables quirúrgicos identificados influencias significativas en el número medio de adherencias de novo independientemente del tratamiento, incluida la duración de la cirugía (p = 0,048), la pérdida de sangre en pacientes de miomectomía (P = 0,019), longitud de la incisión uterina en pacientes miomectomía (P <0,001 ) y el número de nudos de sutura (P <0,001). Hubo 15 eventos adversos considerados en los pacientes LRS (7,2%) y 18 en el grupo de Adepto (8,3%) relacionada con el tratamiento. De 17 informaron eventos adversos graves (9 LRS; 8 Adepto) ninguno se consideró relacionada con el tratamiento. CONCLUSIONES: El estudio confirmó la seguridad de Adepto en la cirugía laparoscópica. La proporción de pacientes con de la formación de adherencias novo fue considerablemente más alta que la literatura previa sugiere. En general, no hubo pruebas de un efecto clínico pero diversas covariables quirúrgicos, incluyendo la duración de la cirugía, la pérdida de sangre, el número y tamaño de las incisiones, la sutura y se encontró el número de nudos de influir en la formación de adherencias de novo. El estudio proporciona la dirección para futuras investigaciones en las estrategias de reducción de la adhesión en la cirugía de sitio específico.

Estudio primario

No clasificado

Revista Fertility and sterility
Año 2011
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OBJECTIVE: To assess the safety and efficacy of Sepraspray Adhesion Barrier (a modified hyaluronic acid and carboxymethylcellulose powder) after laparoscopic surgery, in view of both the high efficacy of Seprafilm Adhesion Barrier in reducing postoperative adhesions after open surgical procedures and the difficulty with laparoscopic delivery. DESIGN: Multicenter, randomized, reviewer-blinded trial. SETTING: Reproductive endocrinology and infertility clinics. PATIENT(S): Women undergoing laparoscopic myomectomy for indications including infertility. INTERVENTION(S): Randomization to treatment with (n = 21) or without (n = 20) Sepraspray Adhesion Barrier. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Postoperative adhesions development was assessed at early second-look laparoscopy. Adhesions were scored using the modified American Fertility Society scoring system. RESULT(S): Surgical procedure duration length was 99 versus 102 minutes in the control versus Sepraspray Adhesion Barrier groups, respectively, with the median number of fibroids removed being two in each group and corresponding fibroid weights of 134 ± 103 versus 113 ± 161 g, respectively. Adhesions scores increased in both the control and Sepraspray Adhesion Barrier groups, with larger although nonstatistically significant increases noted in control subjects when evaluating for the anterior uterus, the posterior uterus, and the entire uterus. CONCLUSION(S): Laparoscopic application of Sepraspray Adhesion Barrier after myomectomy in this pilot study was associated with a trend toward a reduction in postoperative adhesion development, as well as an encouraging safety profile. Further evaluation is warranted. CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER: Sepraspray Adhesion Barrier #NCT00624930.

Estudio primario

No clasificado

Revista Fertility and sterility
Año 2009
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Objective: To identify predictors of postsurgical adhesion formation in peritoneal fluid and plasma, and assess efficacy and safety of reteplase (recombinant plasminogen activator [r-PA]). Design: Prospective randomized study. Setting: University Medical Center. Patient(s): Twenty-six abdominal myomectomy patients with early second-look laparoscopy (ESL). Intervention(s): Randomization to IP treatment with 1 mg reteplase in 300 mL Ringer's lactate or 300 mL Ringer's lactate only. Scoring of adhesions and collecting peritoneal fluid during both surgical procedures and collecting plasma samples at ten time points. Main Outcome Measure(s): Incidence, severity, and extent of adhesions at ESL. Concentrations of C-reactive protein (CRP), tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA), plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1), and fibrin degradation products (FbDPs). Result(s): Significant correlation between the extent of uterine adhesion formation and preoperative plasma levels of CRP (rs = 0.558), PAI-1 (rs = 0.413), and the change in tPA concentration in peritoneal fluid from initial surgery to ESL (Δ+PA: rs = -0.636). No significant differences in adhesion scores between treatment and control groups. Conclusion(s): Our finding that preoperative plasma CRP and PAI-1-levels are significantly correlated with extent of adhesion formation points to a role of chronic inflammation in the disease process. Results are highly indicative for the paradigm that adhesions are caused by an insufficiency in peritoneal fibrinolytic capacity. For successful adhesion prevention therapy relatively high amounts of r-PA are required. © 2008 American Society for Reproductive Medicine.

Estudio primario

No clasificado

Revista Fertility and sterility
Año 2009
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Objective: To determine if 3 months of preoperative gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH-a) treatment decreases postoperative uterine adhesions after open abdominal surgery for the removal of uterine fibroids. Design: Prospective, randomized, clinical study. Setting: A tertiary care medical center. Patient(s): Women of reproductive age with symptomatic uterine fibroids not amenable to hysteroscopic removal. Intervention(s): Twenty patients underwent an initial abdominal myomectomy followed by a second-look laparoscopy for evaluating uterine adhesions after random allocation to groups receiving either GnRH analog or placebo for 3 months before the initial surgery. Main Outcome Measure(s): Adhesion formation between treatment groups and by incision number and aggregate length. Result(s): Presurgical GnRH-a treatment did not decrease adhesion formation compared with placebo. For every additional centimeter of incision length, the total adhesion area over the uterine serosal surface increased by 0.55 cm2. The number of myomas removed and the number of incisions were positively correlated with total adhesion area. Conclusion(s): Preoperative treatment with GnRH-a for 3 months before open abdominal myomectomy did not decrease postoperative uterine adhesions. Following the standards of good surgical technique, adhesions are minimized with fewer and smaller incisions. © 2009 American Society for Reproductive Medicine.

Estudio primario

No clasificado

Revista Human reproduction (Oxford, England)
Año 2008
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ANTECEDENTES: Este estudio multicéntrico, aleatorizado, simple ciego evaluó la seguridad y eficacia de un hidrogel reabsorbible ("hidrogel") para la reducción de la formación de adherencias post-operatorio después de la miomectomía. MÉTODOS: Las mujeres (n = 71) que fueron sometidos a laparoscopia (67,6%) o la miomectomía laparotómico fueron aleatorizados (2: 1) para hidrogel (pulveriza sobre las áreas tratadas quirúrgicamente antes del cierre de la herida, n = 48) o con el control (atención estándar, n = 23). Los pacientes (38 de hidrogel, 20 control) regresó 8-10 semanas más tarde para una segunda mirada. Las adherencias se clasificaron utilizando un método de puntuación modificado de la Sociedad Americana de Fertilidad (MAF). La medida principal de eficacia fue el útero posterior MAFS puntuación. RESULTADOS: Para los pacientes de hidrogel y de control, respectivamente, significan +/- puntajes MAFS SD fueron 0,5 +/- 1,4 y 0,0 +/- 0,0 al inicio del estudio, y 1,1 +/- 1,9 y 2,6 +/- 2,2 en el segundo vistazo. Del mismo modo, los cambios medios desde la línea de base fueron 0.8 +/- 2.0 y 2.6 +/- 2.2 (P = 0,01); Los intervalos de confianza del 95% para estos cambios medios fueron (0,16 a 1,44) y (1,64 a 3,56). Los eventos adversos fueron reportados por 9,6 y el 17,4% de los pacientes de hidrogel y de control, respectivamente. No se informó de infecciones intra-abdominales o infecciones del sitio postoperatorias. Conclusiones: Este estudio 71-paciente proporciona la primera evidencia clínica de la seguridad y eficacia de hidrogel para la reducción de adherencias después de la miomectomía. El Identificador ClinicalTrials.gov es NCT00562471.

Estudio primario

No clasificado

Autores diZerega GS , Coad J , Donnez J
Revista Fertility and sterility
Año 2007
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OBJECTIVE: To correlate parameters of endometriosis obtained during routine clinical evaluation with the subsequent formation of adhesions following surgical treatment by laparoscopy. DESIGN: Randomized, controlled, double-blind, clinical trial. SETTING: Tertiary referral centers for the treatment of endometriosis. PATIENT(S): Thirty-seven patients (65 with adnexa) with stage I-III endometriosis; endometrioma-only patients were excluded. INTERVENTION: Laparoscopic surgical treatment of endometriosis, followed by randomization to Oxiplex/AP (FzioMed, Inc., San Luis Obispo, California) gel treatment (treated group) of adnexa, or surgery alone (control group); follow-up laparoscopy 6-10 weeks later. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Adnexal Americn Fertility Society score, correlated with color and location of endometriosis, as well as stage of disease determined by masked review of videotapes. RESULT(S): Control patients with at least 50% red lesions had a greater increase in ipsilateral adnexal adhesion scores than patients with mostly black or white and/or clear lesions. Treated patients with red lesions had a greater decrease in adnexal adhesion scores than control patients. There was a correlation between baseline endometriosis stage and postoperative adhesion formation in control patients, but not treated patients. CONCLUSION(S): Patients with red endometriotic lesions had greater increases in their adhesion scores than patients with only black, white, and/or clear lesions. Oxiplex/AP gel was effective in reducing adhesions, compared to surgery alone, in all groups.

Estudio primario

No clasificado

Revista Fertility and sterility
Año 2007
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OBJETIVO: Evaluar la eficacia y seguridad de Adepto (solución de icodextrina 4%) en la reducción de las adherencias después de la cirugía ginecológica laparoscópica implica adherencias. DISEÑO: Estudio multicéntrico, prospectivo, aleatorizado, doble ciego comparando Adepto con solución de Ringer lactato (LRS). PACIENTE (S): Cuatrocientos dos pacientes asignados al azar durante la operación de Adepto (n = 203) o LRS (n = 199) volvió por segunda laparoscopia dentro de 4-8 semanas. La incidencia, severidad y extensión de las adherencias se determinaron en ambas ocasiones. La variable principal (S): La medida de eficacia primaria definida por la Administración de Alimentos y Drogas fue el número de pacientes que alcanzaron el éxito clínico con el tratamiento de la adhesión. Otras medidas incluyen la incidencia y resultados de la Sociedad Americana de Fertilidad (AFS). RESULTADO (S): Significativamente más pacientes Adepto logra éxito clínico que los pacientes LRS (49% vs. 38%). En los pacientes de infertilidad, Adepto demostró particular, el éxito clínico en comparación con LRS (55% vs. 33%). Esto se reflejó en el número de pacientes con una puntuación AFS reducida (53% vs. 30%) y en menor número de pacientes con una puntuación de categoría moderada / grave AFS (43% vs. 14%). La seguridad fue comparable en ambos grupos. La mayoría de los eventos están relacionados con la cirugía, con un aumento en el edema labial transitoria en el grupo Adepto. CONCLUSIÓN (S): Este es el primer ensayo aleatorio, doble ciego de un agente de reducción de la adherencia. Se demostró que Adepto es un agente de reducción de la adherencia segura y eficaz en la laparoscopia.

Estudio primario

No clasificado

Revista Human reproduction (Oxford, England)
Año 2006
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BACKGROUND: Following myomectomy, postoperative adhesions occur in many patients with adverse effects on fertility. This study investigated the applicability, safety and efficacy of an auto-crosslinked hyaluronan gel in preventing adhesion formation after laparoscopic myomectomy. METHODS: Fifty-two patients aged 22-42 years, undergoing surgery at four centres, were randomly allocated to receive either the gel or no adhesion prevention. The incidence and severity of postoperative adhesions were assessed laparoscopically after 12-14 weeks in a blinded, scored fashion. The primary efficacy variable was the presence/absence of postoperative adhesions at second-look. RESULTS: A nonsignificantly higher proportion of patients receiving the gel were free from adhesions (13 of 21; 62%) compared with control patients (9 of 22; 41%), with a statistically significant difference between the severity of uterine adhesions at baseline and at second-look (0.3 +/- 0.9 versus 0.8 +/- 1.0, P < 0.05). In subjects undergoing myomectomy without concomitant surgery, the proportion of adhesion-free patients was 8 of 12 (67%) and 4 of 11 (36%) (not significant) in the gel and control groups, respectively, with a significant difference in the mean severity scores (P < 0.05). In subjects without uterine adhesions before myomectomy, 12 of 18 (67%) and 8 of 20 (40%) patients in the gel and control groups, respectively were adhesion-free (not significant), with a significant difference in the severity of uterine adhesions (P = 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that the auto-crosslinked hyaluronan gel may have a favourable safety profile and efficacious antiadhesive action following laparoscopic myomectomy.

Estudio primario

No clasificado

Revista Human reproduction (Oxford, England)
Año 2005
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BACKGROUND: Commonly used adhesion prevention devices either cannot be applied or are difficult to use via laparoscopy. A viscoelastic gel was developed specifically for adhesion prophylaxis during minimally invasive surgery. METHODS: Randomized, third party-blinded, parallel-group design conducted at four centres. Patients (18-46 years old) underwent laparoscopic surgery with second look 6-10 weeks later. Viscoelastic gel coated adnexa and adjacent tissues. Blinded reviews of videotapes were quantified by American Fertility Society (AFS) adhesion scores. RESULTS: In 25 treatment patients, surgery was performed on 45 adnexa. Coverage of surgical sites at risk for adhesions was typically accomplished with approximately 15 ml of viscoelastic gel which was delivered in approximately 90 s. In 24 control patients, surgery alone was performed on 41 adnexa. Treated adnexa showed a decrease in AFS score (11.9-9.1). In contrast, control adnexa showed an increase in AFS score (8.8-15.8). This difference in second-look AFS scores (42% reduction) is significant (P<0.01). Ninety-three per cent of treated adnexa did not have a worse adhesion score in contrast to 56% of control adnexa. Combining scores into prognostic categories also show significant treatment effect of the viscoelastic gel (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Viscoelastic gel was easy to use via laparoscopy and produced significant reduction in adnexal adhesions. It provides benefits to patients undergoing gynaecological surgery.