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Estudio primario

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Autores Doty , A.B.
Revista
Año 2017
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Estudio primario

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Autores Li , Y. , Sorrentino , R.M. , Norman , R.M. , Hampson , E. , Ye , Y.
Revista Pers Individ Dif
Año 2017
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Estudio primario

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Revista Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry
Año 2016
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BACKGROUND: A promising strategy for reducing stigmatizing perceptions towards people with schizophrenia is education about treatment and recovery. The effects of different kinds of treatment information on stigmatizing perceptions, however, have yet to be compared directly. This study compared three different educational interventions focusing on medication, CBT, and psychodynamic psychotherapy in their potential to reduce stigmatizing perceptions towards people with schizophrenia. METHODS: In an online experiment 178 participants received one of three psychoeducation texts that focused on medication, CBT or psychodynamic therapy. The effects on stereotypical beliefs about psychosis (dangerousness, unpredictability, blame, prognostic pessimism) and emotional responses towards people with schizophrenia (anxiety, anger, sympathy) were tested. RESULTS: Perceptions of dangerousness, unpredictability, and anxiety towards people with schizophrenia were reduced in all conditions. Prognostic pessimism was reduced only after reading the CBT information. LIMITATIONS: No neutral control group was included. The sample was not representative with respect to level of education or gender. CONCLUSIONS: Stigmatizing perceptions may be reduced by receiving information about any type of treatment for psychosis and without producing negative side-effects, although this needs to be replicated in a controlled study. However, information on CBT seems most suitable to reduce stigma, since it was able to reduce prognostic pessimism.

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Revista Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry
Año 2016
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<b>OBJECTIVE: </b>A central aspect of previous anti-stigma campaigns was the promotion of biogenetic causes of schizophrenia. Although biogenetic beliefs have been shown to reduce the blame given to persons with schizophrenia, they tend to increase discrimination and stereotypes such as dangerousness and unpredictability. A novel anti-stigma approach is to incorporate continuum beliefs in order to oppose the perceived separation, which is a main component of the stigma process. The aim of the study was to compare the effects of a continuum, a biogenetic, and a control intervention on stereotypes, fear, and social distance towards persons with schizophrenia. Furthermore, it was intended to replicate earlier findings on the associations between continuum beliefs, biogenetic beliefs, and different facets of stigmatization.<b>METHOD: </b>In an online-experiment, 1189 participants from the general population randomly received either a continuum, a biogenetic, or a control intervention, which consisted of written information texts.<b>RESULTS: </b>The continuum group showed less endorsement of the stereotype incompetence/unpredictability than the biogenetic group. The biogenetic group ascribed less blame to persons with schizophrenia than the other groups. The correlation analyses indicated continuum beliefs to be consistently associated with lower stereotype scores, less fear, and less preferred social distance.<b>Limitations: </b>The sample was not fully representative and the experimental manipulations in our study consisted of relatively short information texts.<b>CONCLUSION: </b>It is concluded that continuum beliefs have the potential to reduce stigmatization against persons with schizophrenia. However, future studies need to investigate the effects of more powerful interventions to promote them.

Estudio primario

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Revista The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine
Año 2016
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PURPOSE: This study investigated the impact of contact- and education-based antistigma interventions on mental illness stigma, affirming attitudes, discrimination, and treatment seeking among college students. METHODS: Data were collected from 198 students of a Chicago University campus in spring of 2014. Participants were randomly assigned to one of three conditions: a contact-based antistigma presentation, education-based presentation, or control condition. Measures of stigma, discrimination, affirming attitudes, and treatment seeking were administered at preintervention and postintervention. RESULTS: A 3 × 2 analysis of variance was completed for each measure to examine condition by trial interactions. Both contact- and education-based interventions demonstrated a significant impact on personal stigma, perceptions of empowerment, discrimination, attitudes towards treatment seeking, and intentions to seek treatment from formal sources. No difference in effect was demonstrated between the contact- and education-based conditions. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that these two approaches should be considered for challenging mental illness stigma among college students. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved)

Estudio primario

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Autores Ngoc TN , Weiss B , Trung LT
Revista Asian journal of psychiatry
Año 2016
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OBJECTIVE: Although psychoeducation has been found effective for improving the life functioning of patients with schizophrenia in high income countries, there have been relatively few studies of schizophrenia psychoeducation adapted for low and middle-income countries (LMIC), particularly in Southeast Asia. The present study assessed effects of the Family Schizophrenia Psychoeducation Program (FSPP) among Vietnamese patients and their families on the patients' (1) quality of life and (2) medication non-compliance, and the family and patients' (3) stigma towards schizophrenia, and (4) consumer satisfaction. METHOD: This intervention study involved 59 patients, and their families, from the Da Nang Psychiatric Hospital, randomly assigned to treatment (n=30) or control (n=29) conditions. Control subjects received services as usual (antipsychotic medication); treatment group subjects received the FSPP as well. Blind-rater assessments were conducted at T1 immediately after project enrollment (prior to participating in the FSPP) and at T2 six months later. RESULTS: There were significant treatment effects on: (1) quality of life, (2) stigma, (3) medication compliance, and (4) consumer satisfaction, with all effects favoring the treatment group. Effect sizes were moderate to large. CONCLUSIONS: This psychoeducation program appears to reduce stigma, improve quality of life and medication compliance, and increase consumer satisfaction of Vietnamese patients with schizophrenia and their families, beyond the effects of antipsychotic medication. It involves relatively little cost, and it may be useful for it or equivalent programs to be implemented in other hospitals in Viet Nam, and potentially other low-income Asian countries to improve the lives of patients with schizophrenia.

Estudio primario

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Revista Psychiatry research
Año 2016
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We aimed to evaluate the feasibility of Cognitive Therapy (CT) as an intervention for internalised stigma in people with psychosis. We conducted a single-blind randomised controlled pilot trial comparing CT plus treatment as usual (TAU) with TAU only. Participants were assessed at end of treatment (4 months) and follow-up (7 months). Twenty-nine participants with schizophrenia spectrum disorders were randomised. CT incorporated up to 12 sessions over 4 months (mean sessions = 9.3). Primary outcome was the Internalised Stigma of Mental Illness Scale—Revised (ISMI-R) total score, which provides a continuous measure of internalised stigma associated with mental health problems. Secondary outcomes included self-rated recovery, internalised shame, emotional problems, hopelessness and self-esteem. Recruitment rates and retention for this trial were good. Changes in outcomes were analysed following the intention-to-treat principle, using ANCOVAs adjusted for baseline symptoms. There was no effect on our primary outcome, with a sizable reduction observed in both groups, but several secondary outcomes were significantly improved in the group assigned to CT, in comparison with TAU, including internalised shame, hopelessness and self-rated recovery. Stigma-focused CT appears feasible and acceptable in people with psychosis who have high levels of internalised stigma. A larger, definitive trial is required. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved)

Estudio primario

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Autores Kosyluk , K.
Revista Illinois Institute of Technology
Año 2016
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Estudio primario

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Revista Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry
Año 2016
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<b>Background and OBJECTIVES: </b>Stereotypes about schizophrenia may lead to prejudicial attitudes and discrimination with debilitating effects on people diagnosed with schizophrenia. There is thus a need to develop interventions aiming to prevent, reduce or eliminate such stereotypes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a documentary film on schizophrenia on cognitive, affective and behavioural aspects of stigmatisation.<b>METHODS: </b>Forty-nine participants were assessed on measures of stereotypes and social distance, and on the Model of Stereotype Content, which includes measures of stereotypes, emotional reactions and behavioural tendencies. Participants were randomly assigned into either a condition in which they viewed the documentary film (Film group), or into a control condition in which no intervention was conducted (Control group).<b>RESULTS: </b>Only participants in the Film group revealed a significant decrease of negative stereotypes (Dangerousness and Unpredictability) and desired Social distance, and a significant increase in the perception of sociability in persons with schizophrenia.<b>Limitations: </b>Small sample size and its reduced generalizability are the main limitations in this study.<b>CONCLUSIONS: </b>These findings suggest that a documentary film promoting indirect contact with people diagnosed with schizophrenia is a promising tool to prevent and reduce stigmatisation regarding schizophrenia..

Estudio primario

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Revista Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology
Año 2016
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PURPOSE: To examine the effect of the Australian educational intervention Mental Health First Aid (MHFA) in a Danish context. Primary outcome was improvement concerning confidence in help-giving behavior towards people suffering from mental illness. Secondary outcomes were increased knowledge and ability to recognize mental illness and improved positive attitudes towards people suffering from mental health problems. METHOD: Study design was a randomized trial with a waitlist control group. The intervention group was compared with the control group at 6-month follow-up. Both groups completed at baseline and at 6-month follow-up.RESULTS: A significant difference was found between employees trained in the intervention group compared to the control group at 6-month follow-up on the items of confidence in making contact to (Cohen’s <i>d</i> 0.17), talking to (Cohen’s <i>d</i> 0.18) and providing help to (Cohen’s <i>d</i> 0.31) people suffering from a mental health illness. Further, participants improved in knowledge (Cohen’s <i>d</i> depression vignette 0.40/Cohen’s <i>d</i> schizophrenia vignette 0.32) and in the ability to recognize schizophrenia OR = 1.75 (95 % CI 1.00–3.05), <i>p</i> = 0.05. A significant difference between the intervention group and control group at follow-up concerning actual help offered was not found. Changes in attitudes were limited. CONCLUSION: The MHFA training was effective in a Danish context. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved)