Objetivos. Establecer un modelo conceptual que vincule la afectación artrósica, la discapacidad funcional en las actividades cotidianas y la calidad de vida (CdV). Métodos. Estudio multicéntrico, observacional y transversal. Se registró clínicamente la afectación artrósica (presencia/ausencia), según la localización; se valoró la discapacidad mediante el índice de discapacidad del cuestionario de evaluación de la salud y se determinó la CdV mediante el cuestionario EQ-5D-3L. El vínculo entre la artrosis, la discapacidad y la CdV se evaluó mediante la modelización de ecuación estructural (SEM). Resultados. Pacientes: 965 pacientes con artrosis (edad media=64 años; 75% mujeres). Artrosis: zonas medias afectadas: 2,8. Zonas afectadas con más frecuencia: rodillas (67%); columna lumbar (60%) y cervical (45%). CdV: la mayoría de los pacientes no refirió problemas graves en los 5 dominios evaluados. Discapacidad: «otras actividades» (media=1,2); «alcanzar» (media=1,1) y «caminar» (media=1,0) fueron las categorías que mostraron mayor discapacidad. La SEM presentó la artrosis, la discapacidad y la CdV como variables relacionadas latentes. Aunque el 92% de la CdV explicó la discapacidad, solo el 5% de la discapacidad se debió a la presencia/ausencia de artrosis. El modelo global que describió la artrosis como causante de discapacidad y discapacidad que afectaba a la CdV, tuvo un buen ajuste general (CMIN/DF=5,42; RMR=0,026; RMSEA=0,069). Conclusiones. La discapacidad funcional puede explicar la disminución de la CdV. En teoría, la artrosis se relaciona estrechamente con la discapacidad y la CdV, pero el modelo no consiguió explicar por completo este vínculo. Como las técnicas estadísticas requieren buenos modelos de medición para determinar correctamente las relaciones, los registros clínicos convencionales parecen insuficientes para este propósito. Se precisan otras mediciones válidas de la afectación artrósica para proporcionar pruebas de su efecto directo en la discapacidad y la CdV (AU)

OBJECTIVE:

To determine the effects of lateral wedged insoles on knee kinetics and kinematics during walking, according to radiographic severity of medial compartment knee osteoarthritis (OA).

DESIGN:

A prospective case control study of patients with medial compartment OA of the knee.

SETTING:

Gait analysis laboratory in a university hospital.

PARTICIPANTS:

Forty-six medial compartment knees with OA of 23 patients with bilateral disease and 38 knees of 19 age-matched healthy subjects as controls.

INTERVENTIONS:

Not applicable.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:

We measured the peak external adduction moment at the knee during the stance phase of gait and the first acceleration peak after heel strike at the lateral side of the femoral condyles. Kellgren and Lawrence grading system was used for radiographic assessment of OA severity.

RESULTS:

The mean value of peak external adduction moment of the knee was higher in OA knees than the control. Application of lateral wedged insoles significantly reduced the peak external adduction moment in Kellgren-Lawrence grades I and II knee OA patients. The first acceleration peak value after heel strike in these patients was relatively high compared with the control. Application of lateral wedged insoles significantly reduced the first acceleration peak in Kellgren-Lawrence grades I and II knee OA patients.

CONCLUSIONS:

The kinetic and kinematic effects of wearing of lateral wedged insoles were significant in Kellgren-Lawrence grades I and II knee OA. The results support the recommendation of use of lateral wedged insoles for patients with early and mild knee OA.

BACKGROUND:

Tai chi (TC) is proposed as a potential option for the management of osteoarthritis (OA), however, its beneficial effect on patients with knee OA has not been convincing.

OBJECTIVES:

To evaluate the effect of a 24-week TC program on physical functions in older Chinese women with knee OA.

METHODS:

Thirty-five older Chinese women with knee OA were randomized into TC group (n = 18) and attention control (wellness education and stretching) group (n = 17). Subjects in the TC group practiced the 24-form simplified Yang-style TC 2 to 4 times a week for 24 weeks with frequency gradually increased. Physical function was assessed using the Western Ontario and McMaster University Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), 6-minute walk distance and stair climb time.

RESULTS:

Compared with the control group, the participants in TC group had statistically significant improvements in changes of the WOMAC total score (6.18 +/- 2.13 vs. 1.71 +/- 2.73, P = 0.000), the WOMAC pain subscale (1.36 +/- 0.22 vs. 0.07 +/- 1.00, P = 0.001), the WOMAC stiffness subscale (0.66 +/- 0.25 vs. 0.05 +/- 0.38, P = 0.043), the WOMAC function subscale (6.17 +/- 1.96 vs. 1.72 +/- 2.63, P = 0.000), the 6-minute walk distance (32.43 +/- 14.20 vs. 6.67 +/- 16.76, P = 0.003), and the stair climb time (2.27 +/- 0.74 vs. 0.27 +/- 1.24, P = 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS:

This study suggests that TC provides a safe, feasible and useful exercise option for older Chinese female patients with knee OA.

OBJECTIVES:

The aim was to examine the relation between osteoarthrosis of the knee leading to prosthetic surgery among men and women and overweight, smoking, and hormone therapy.

METHODS:

A case-referent study was performed with a study base of all men and women, born 1921-1938, living in 14 counties in Sweden during 1991-95. The cases (n = 625) were identified through the Swedish Knee Arthroplasty Register. The referents (n = 548) were randomly selected through the central population register from the same counties. Detailed information on general health status, height, weight, smoking habits, medication, use of hormones, specific physical loads from occupation and housework, and sports activities was collected by a telephone interview and a postal questionnaire. The cases were classified in terms of high, medium or low/non-exposure to the factors studied, according to the distribution of variables among the referents.

RESULTS:

Women with high body mass index (BMI) at the age of 40 had a relative risk of 9.2 (95% CI 5.3, 16.0) of developing severe knee osteoarthrosis later in life, and for men at the same age the relative risk was 3.9 (95% CI 2.3, 6.4). Smokers were less likely to develop severe knee osteoarthrosis compared with nonsmokers. Oestrogen therapy for women over 50 showed an increased relative risk of 1.8 (95% CI 1.2, 2.6), while use of oral contraceptives did not influence the risk.

CONCLUSION:

Overweight is a risk factor for knee osteoarthrosis leading to prosthetic surgery in men and women, with the strongest relation for women. Oestrogen therapy after 50 increased the relative risk, while smoking decreased it.

AIM:

The aim of this review was to evaluate the time-related risk for knee osteoarthritis in patients after ACL injury.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

The primary search was carried out in different medical databases with the deadline 12.01.2014. The search strategy for the evaluation was [ACL] AND [osteoarthritis] including "all fields". All 1656 title/abstracts were reviewed by two independent researchers who selected 140 papers for full text review. Finally, a total of 21 relevant publications were identified for inclusion in this current paper.

RESULTS:

The incidence of knee osteoarthritis rises significantly over time. Two years after injury it was 6.9 %, after 5 years 32.2 %, after 7 years 36.3 %, and after 10 years 79.6 %. At the same time, the crude relative risk of OA rises as the time interval since injury increases. The relative risk of OA has already doubled by 2 years after ACL injury). By 7 years it has increased fivefold and compared with OA status at the time of injury it is still increasing significantly after 10 years.

CONCLUSIONS:

The ACL injury is a significant risk factor for the development of early-onset secondary knee osteoarthritis. Within 5 years of the injury the knee shows clear signs of osteoarthritis on MRI. However, these lesions are often not associated with any clinical signs. Knee osteoarthritis as a severe disease starts 8 years or later after the injury, when it requires treatment.

Objective To review the efficacy of resistance training (RT) as a therapeutic modality in various musculoskeletal conditions. Design Systematic review. Subjects Data from 1545 rehabilitation patients who had participated in structured RT programmes were included into the review. The total number of patients was composed of separate musculoskeletal conditions-chronic low back pain (CLBP) (549), tendinopathy (299), knee osteoarthritis (433), anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (189) and hip replacement surgery (75). Results Evidence suggests that RT can increase muscle strength, reduce pain and improve functional ability in patients suffering from CLBP, knee osteoarthritis, and chronic tendinopathy and those under recovery after hip replacement surgery. Conclusion RT can be used successfully as a therapeutic modality in several musculoskeletal conditions, especially those of a chronic variety. Although the exact application of training intensity and volume for maximal therapeutic effects is still unclear, it appears that RT guidelines, which have proven effective in a healthy population, can also be successfully applied in a rehabilitation context.

OBJECTIVE:

To compare the health experiences of middle- and older-age adults with moderate osteoarthritis (OA) symptoms with experiences of individuals with no chronic health conditions. Similarities and differences in health changes, the meaning of these changes, and their impact were examined.

METHODS:

Sixteen focus groups (10 OA, 6 control) were conducted with 53 women and 37 men (age 39-88 years). OA participants were recruited from practitioners' offices and The Arthritis Society, Ontario Division. Additional OA participants and controls were recruited from community centers and newspaper advertisements. All participants were asked about changes in health, the impact of these changes, and self-management strategies. Participants also completed standardized measures including demographic information; the Short Form 36; Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index; and Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand questionnaire.

RESULTS:

Differences in the depth, breadth, and meaning of symptoms such as pain, stiffness, and fatigue were reported with little overlap between OA and control groups. OA was often seen as part of a normal aging process requiring acceptance, not treatment. However, younger OA participants reported more distress and frustration managing the disease. OA participants reported an impact of their health on work, leisure, social activities, and relationships that was described as upsetting compared with controls.

CONCLUSION:

This study illuminates personal and social factors associated with OA by comparing health experiences of individuals with OA and controls. It highlights directions for future research that can improve our understanding of the needs of individuals with OA and can help link individuals' health status to the broader framework of their lives.

Our previous study has demonstrated that 6 weeks of Tai Chi exercise significantly improves knee pain and stiffness in elderly with knee osteoarthritis. This study also examine the effects of Tai Chi exercise on gait kinematics, physical function, pain, and pain self-efficacy in elderly with knee osteoarthritis. In this prospective, pretest-posttest clinical trial, 40 men and women (64.4+/-8.3 years) diagnosed with knee osteoarthritis participated in 6 weeks of instructed Tai Chi training, 1 hour/session, 2 sessions/week. The following measures were taken at baseline and the conclusion of the intervention: (a) gait kinematics including stride length, stride frequency, and gait speed quantified using video analysis, (b) physical function, (c) knee pain, and (d) pain self-efficacy. Data were analyzed using repeated MANCOVA, MANOVA, ANOVA and Wilcoxon tests. After 6 weeks of Tai Chi exercise, stride length (p=0.023; 1.17+/-0.17 vs. 1.20+/-0.14 m), stride frequency (p=0.014; 0.91+/-0.08 vs. 0.93+/-0.08 strides/s), and consequently gait speed (p<0.025; 1.06+/-0.19 vs. 1.12+/-0.15 m/s) increased in the participants. Physical function was significantly improved (p<0.001) and knee pain was significantly decreased (p=0.002), while no change was observed in pain self-efficacy. In conclusion, these findings support that Tai Chi is beneficial for gait kinematics in elderly with knee osteoarthritis, and a longer term application is needed to substantiate the effect of Tai Chi as an alternative exercise in management of knee osteoarthritis.

We examined the associations of sociodemographic variables, health behaviors, health status and psychological well being with radiographic knee osteoarthritis (OA) and self-reported knee pain for 4056 US adults aged 45-74 years. Among persons with or without knee OA known correlates of radiographic knee OA (age, sex, race, obesity) were generally not associated with knee pain. Radiographic severity, psychological well being and health status were associated with knee pain, both among persons with and without radiographic knee OA, suggesting that nonradiographic correlates of self-reported knee pain are independent of whether a person has radiographic knee OA.

Complications of patellar resurfacing in total knee arthroplasty have rekindled the interest of many surgeons in patellar retention. In a prospective study 20 randomly selected patients of 40 underwent patellar resurfacing in combination with their total knee arthroplasty. The other 20 patients were left with an unresurfaced patella. Within 24 months of follow-up, the advantages of patellar resurfacing could be seen according to the Knee Society Score. Especially in advanced osteoarthritis of the knee joint, the patients achieved better scores in climbing stairs and in function. The superior functional results are arguments for patellar resurfacing, at least in knees with advanced osteoarthritis.