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Journal Deutsches Ärzteblatt international
Year 2014
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CONTEXTE: anticoagulation orale correctement dosé empêche efficacement les événements thromboemboliques. Il est difficile de savoir si les patients adultes avec une indication pour anticoagulation orale à long terme peuvent bénéficier de l'auto-gestion en termes de critères d'évaluation axés sur le patient et les valeurs de coagulation améliorées. Méthode: Nous avons cherché sélectivement la base de données Medline pour des examens systématiques de haute qualité basés sur des essais contrôlés randomisés de l'auto-mesure ou de l'auto-gestion de l'anticoagulation orale, par rapport à un traitement standard. RÉSULTATS: Nous avons identifié huit articles de revue sur la base de chevauchement des ensembles de ran - essais cliniques domisées. Dans tous ces examens systématiques, les patients qui ont effectué l'auto-mesure ou l'auto-gestion avaient un taux d'événements thromboemboliques 40% à 50%; dans six d'entre eux, la mortalité était aussi significativement plus faible, de 30% à 50%. l'analyse des sous-groupes a révélé que ces effets étaient présents exclusivement chez les patients qui ont effectué l'auto-gestion, et non à ceux qui n'effectués auto-mesure. Aucun des articles d'examen a révélé une différence dans la fréquence des événements hémorragiques graves. Qualité de vie et la satisfaction des patients ont été classés en cinq examens, qui, cependant, utilisés divers instruments, de sorte qu'aucune conclusion claire n'a pu être tirée. Tous les articles de revue documenté une amélioration des valeurs de la coagulation, mais les informations sur la signification statistique a été la plupart du temps manque. CONCLUSION: Les adultes ayant une indication pour l'administration orale avantage anticoagulation à long terme de l'auto-gestion, par rapport à un traitement standard avec la gestion de l'administration par un médecin. Une limitation de cette étude est que les multiples articles de revue sur lesquels elle se fonde étaient en grande partie des analyses du même groupe d'essais cliniques.

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Journal Interactive Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery
Year 2013
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A best evidence topic was written according to a structured protocol, to answer the question: 'In patients taking warfarin, is home self-monitoring of international normalized ratio (INR) safer than clinic-based testing in reducing bleeding, thrombotic events and death?' Altogether, 268 papers were found using the reported search. Five papers represented the highest level of evidence to answer the clinical question (four systematic reviews with meta-analysis and one meta-analysis). The authors, journal, date and country of publication, patient group studied, study type, relevant outcomes and results of these papers are tabulated. The principal outcomes of interest were death, major haemorrhage, major thromboembolism, and time (or percentage time) spent within the therapeutic range, compared between self-monitoring/self-management and conventional management. Self-monitoring/self-management was associated with a significantly reduced risk of all-cause mortality of 26-42%. All meta-analyses reported on major thromboembolism, finding significant reductions in risk of ~50%. One meta-analysis found a 35% reduction in the risk of major haemorrhage, with the other four studies finding no significant difference. Only one study found self-monitoring/self-management to be associated with a significantly greater proportion of time within range, with another finding no significant difference in either the percentage of therapeutic results or in the time within range. The remaining two could not combine data for meta-analysis owing to methodological heterogeneity. We conclude that self-monitoring/self-management appears to be safer than conventional management. It is associated with consistently lower rates of thromboembolism and may also be associated with reduced risk of bleeding and death. This supports the updated guidance from the American College of Chest Physicians, recommending self-management of INR for patients who are both competent and motivated.

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Journal Clinical evidence
Year 2011
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INTRODUCTION: Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary embolism may occur in almost 2 in 1000 people each year, with up to 25% of those having a recurrence. Around 5% to 15% of people with untreated DVT may die from pulmonary embolism. Risk factors for DVT include immobility, surgery (particularly orthopaedic), malignancy, pregnancy, older age, and inherited or acquired prothrombotic clotting disorders. METHODS AND OUTCOMES: We conducted a systematic review and aimed to answer the following clinical questions: What are the effects of treatments for proximal DVT? What are the effects of treatments for isolated calf DVT? What are the effects of treatments for pulmonary embolism? What are the effects of interventions on oral anticoagulation management in people with thromboembolism? We searched: Medline, Embase, The Cochrane Library, and other important databases up to June 2010 (Clinical Evidence reviews are updated periodically; please check our website for the most up-to-date version of this review). We included harms alerts from relevant organisations such as the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the UK Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA). RESULTS: We found 45 systematic reviews, RCTs, or observational studies that met our inclusion criteria. We performed a GRADE evaluation of the quality of evidence for interventions. CONCLUSIONS: In this systematic review we present information relating to the effectiveness and safety of the following interventions: anticoagulation; compression stockings; low molecular weight heparin (short and long term, once or twice daily, and home treatment); oral anticoagulants (short and long term, high intensity, abrupt discontinuation, and computerised decision support); prolonged duration of anticoagulation; thrombolysis; vena cava filters; and warfarin.