Revisiones sistemáticas que incluyen este estudio

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Autores Malanga G , Wolff E
Revista The spine journal : official journal of the North American Spine Society
Año 2008
El manejo del dolor lumbar crónico (DLC) ha demostrado ser un gran desafío en América del Norte, como lo demuestra su creciente carga socioeconómica. La elección entre las terapias no quirúrgicas disponibles puede ser abrumadora para los distintos interesados, incluidos los pacientes, proveedores de salud, decisores políticos, y los pagadores de terceros. A pesar que todos estos comparten un objetivo común y desean utilizar los limitados recursos de salud para apoyar las intervenciones con mayor probabilidad de resultar en mejorías clínicamente significativas, a menudo existe incertidumbre acerca de la intervención más apropiada para un paciente en particular. Para ayudar a entender y evaluar los diversos métodos no quirúrgicos utilizados para el DLC, la North American Spine Society ha patrocinado este número especial de la revista The Spine Journal, titulado Evidence-Informed Management of Chronic Low Back Pain Without Surgery. Los artículos en este número especial fueron aportados por profesionales expertos en columna vertebral e investigadores, quienes fueron invitados a resumir la mejor evidencia disponible para una intervención en particular y animados a hacer esta información accesible a los no expertos. Cada uno de los artículos contiene cinco secciones (descripción, teoría, evidencia de la eficacia, daños, y resumen) con subtítulos comunes para facilitar la comparación a través de las 24 intervenciones diferentes perfiladas en esta edición especial, mezclando la narración y la metodología de revisión sistemática según se considere apropiado por los autores. Se espera que los artículos de esta edición prestarán especial atención en ser informativos y de ayuda en la toma de decisiones para los muchos interesados ​​que evalúan las intervenciones no quirúrgicas para la lumbalgia crónica.

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Revista Annals of internal medicine
Año 2007
BACKGROUND: Medications are the most frequently prescribed therapy for low back pain. A challenge in choosing pharmacologic therapy is that each class of medication is associated with a unique balance of risks and benefits. PURPOSE: To assess benefits and harms of acetaminophen, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), antidepressants, benzodiazepines, antiepileptic drugs, skeletal muscle relaxants, opioid analgesics, tramadol, and systemic corticosteroids for acute or chronic low back pain (with or without leg pain). DATA SOURCES: English-language studies were identified through searches of MEDLINE (through November 2006) and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (2006, Issue 4). These electronic searches were supplemented by hand searching reference lists and additional citations suggested by experts. STUDY SELECTION: Systematic reviews and randomized trials of dual therapy or monotherapy with 1 or more of the preceding medications for acute or chronic low back pain that reported pain outcomes, back-specific function, general health status, work disability, or patient satisfaction. DATA EXTRACTION: We abstracted information about study design, population characteristics, interventions, outcomes, and adverse events. To grade methodological quality, we used the Oxman criteria for systematic reviews and the Cochrane Back Review Group criteria for individual trials. DATA SYNTHESIS: We found good evidence that NSAIDs, acetaminophen, skeletal muscle relaxants (for acute low back pain), and tricyclic antidepressants (for chronic low back pain) are effective for pain relief. The magnitude of benefit was moderate (effect size of 0.5 to 0.8, improvement of 10 to 20 points on a 100-point visual analogue pain scale, or relative risk of 1.25 to 2.00 for the proportion of patients experiencing clinically significant pain relief), except in the case of tricyclic antidepressants (for which the benefit was small to moderate). We also found fair evidence that opioids, tramadol, benzodiazepines, and gabapentin (for radiculopathy) are effective for pain relief. We found good evidence that systemic corticosteroids are ineffective. Adverse events, such as sedation, varied by medication, although reliable data on serious and long-term harms are sparse. Most trials were short term (< or =4 weeks). Few data address efficacy of dual-medication therapy compared with monotherapy, or beneficial effects on functional outcomes. LIMITATIONS: Our primary source of data was systematic reviews. We included non-English-language trials only if they were included in English-language systematic reviews. CONCLUSIONS: Medications with good evidence of short-term effectiveness for low back pain are NSAIDs, acetaminophen, skeletal muscle relaxants (for acute low back pain), and tricyclic antidepressants (for chronic low back pain). Evidence is insufficient to identify one medication as offering a clear overall net advantage because of complex tradeoffs between benefits and harms. Individual patients are likely to differ in how they weigh potential benefits, harms, and costs of various medications.