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Primary study

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Journal Lancet
Year 1996
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CONTEXTE: Le risque de thrombose veineuse profonde (TVP) et l'embolie pulmonaire après prothèse totale de hanche (PTH) la chirurgie peut persister après la sortie de l'hôpital, mais l'ampleur du risque n'est pas connu. Nous avons effectué un seul centre, prospective, randomisée, en double-aveugle avec les objectifs de quantifier ce risque et d'évaluer l'efficacité du traitement prophylactique continue. METHODES: A la sortie de l'hôpital 13-15 jours après la chirurgie, nous avons recruté 179 patients consécutifs THR qui n'avaient pas de TVP visible sur la phlébographie ascendante bilatérale des jambes. Les patients ont été randomisés énoxaparine sous-cutanée (40 mg, une fois par jour; n = 90) ou placebo (n = 89) pour 21 (19-23) jours. Le critère principal était la survenue de thrombose veineuse profonde ou embolie pulmonaire. La phlébographie a été répété à la fin du traitement de 21 jours ou plus tôt si nécessaire. RÉSULTATS: Aucun décès n'a été et ne embolies pulmonaires symptomatiques au cours de l'étude ou des périodes de suivi. Sur 173 patients évaluables avec la phlébographie, l'intention de traiter l'analyse de l'efficacité ont montré que le taux de la TVP à 21 jours après la sortie était significativement plus faible dans le groupe énoxaparine que dans le groupe placebo (6 [7,1%] vs 17 [19,3%] , p = 0,018). Distal TVP a été détecté dans un (1,2%) patients dans le groupe énoxaparine et dans dix (11,4%) patients dans le groupe placebo (p = 0,006). TVP proximale a été observée dans cinq (5,9%) patients dans le groupe énoxaparine et dans sept (7,9%) patients dans le groupe placebo (p = 0,592). Une analyse de l'efficacité dans perprotocol 155 patients ont confirmé ces résultats. Tolérance a été bonne, trois épisodes de saignement mineur s'est produit dans le groupe énoxaparine et un dans le groupe placebo, mais aucun de ces épisodes a nécessité le retrait de l'étude. INTERPRETATION: Chez les patients ayant subi une chirurgie THR, sont sans TVP phlébographie a fait ses preuves au congé de l'hôpital, et ne pas recevoir une prophylaxie antithrombotique après la sortie, le risque de la fin du survenant TVP reste élevé au moins jusqu'au 35 e jour après la chirurgie. prophylaxie suite à l'énoxaparine est efficace et sécuritaire dans la réduction de ce risque.

Primary study

Unclassified

Journal Orthopaedic Transactions
Year 1996
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Primary study

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Auteurs Planes A , Vochelle N
Journal Orthopedics
Year 1997
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A prospective, randomized, double-blind trial was performed in total hip replacement patients to document the risk of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) after hospital discharge, and to assess the efficacy of sustained antithrombotic prophylaxis. In a total of 179 patients receiving enoxaparin 40 mg/day during hospitalization, those without venogram-proven DVT at discharge were randomly assigned to continue prophylaxis with enoxaparin (N = 90) or receive placebo (N = 89). At the end of 21 days' treatment, intention-to-treat analysis in 173 evaluable patients demonstrated a significantly lower incidence (P = 0.018) of DVT in the enoxaparin group (7.1%; N = 6) compared with the placebo group (19.3%; N = 17). These findings were confirmed by perprotocol analysis in 155 patients. Minor bleeding episodes occurred in three patients in the enoxaparin group and one in the placebo group. Thus, total hip replacement patients have a significant risk of developing DVT after hospital discharge. Continued prophylaxis with enoxaparin is effective in reducing this risk.

Primary study

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Auteurs Planes A , Vochelle N , Darmon JY
Journal Chest
Year 1998
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Primary study

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Although venous thromboembolism has occasionally been reported after hospital discharge in patients who have undergone total hip replacement (THR), this risk has not been fully quantified and the usefulness of a prophylactic treatment has not been evaluated. We conducted a single-centre prospective randomised double-blind clinical trial in 2 parallel groups of patients who had undergone THR and were free of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) at discharge, as assessed by bilateral ascending venography. During hospitalisation, all patients received a low molecular weight heparin, enoxaparin (enoxaparin sodium), as a prophylactic treatment for venous thromboembolism. Just before hospital discharge (15 ± 1 days from surgery) 179 consecutive patients were randomly assigned to receive subcutaneous enoxaparin 40mg (n = 90) or placebo (n = 89) once daily for 21 ± 2 days. The primary efficacy outcome was defined as the occurrence of DVT and/or documented pulmonary embolism (PE). DVT was assessed by ascending bilateral venography performed 21 ± 2 days after randomisation or earlier if necessary. Secondary efficacy outcomes were the occurrence of proximal and distal DVT. Safety outcomes were defined as the occurrence of major and minor haemorrhage, other adverse events and changes in laboratory parameters. All patients underwent a 3-month follow-up. There were no deaths or cases of clinical PE during the study and the follow-up periods. In 173 patients with evaluable venograms, analysis of efficacy on an intention-to-treat basis showed that the incidence of DVT at day 21 was significantly lower in the enoxaparin group (6 of 85; 7.1%) than in the placebo group (17 of 88; 19.3%; p = 0.018), a risk reduction of 63%. Distal DVT was less frequent in the enoxaparin group than in the placebo group (1.2 vs 11.4%; p = 0.006) but there was no significant difference between groups in the incidence of proximal DVT. A ‘per-protocol’ analysis of efficacy in 155 patients confirmed the results for total and distal DVT, but also showed a trend in efficacy in favour of enoxaparin with regard to the incidence of proximal DVT (p = 0.064). En-oxaparin was safe in comparison with placebo: only 2 minor bleedings occurred in the enoxaparin group and there was no difference in the incidence of other adverse events between the 2 groups. In patients undergoing THR, the risk of late-occurring DVT remained high during the 21 days after hospital discharge in the placebo group. Prophylactic treatment with enoxaparin reduced the risk and was well tolerated in this context.