Estudios primarios incluidos en esta revisión sistemática

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Estudio primario

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Estudio primario

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Revista Gut
Año 2010
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Estudio primario

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Revista The American journal of gastroenterology
Año 2010
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OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to evaluate short- and long-term outcomes of infliximab in ulcerative colitis (UC), including infliximab optimization, colectomy, and hospitalization. METHODS: This was a retrospective multicenter study. All adult patients who received at least one infliximab infusion for UC were included. Cumulative probabilities of event-free survival were estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method. Independent predictors were identified using binary logistic regression or Cox proportional-hazards regression, and results were expressed as odds ratios or hazard ratios (HRs), respectively. RESULTS: Between January 2000 and August 2009, 191 UC patients received infliximab therapy. Median follow-up per patient was 18 months (interquartile range=25-75th, 8-32 months). Primary non-response was noted in 42 patients (22.0%). "Hemoglobin at infliximab initiation ≤ 9.4 g/dl" (odds ratio=4.35; 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.81-10.42) was a positive predictor of non-response to infliximab. Infliximab optimization was required in 36 (45.0%) of 80 patients on scheduled infliximab therapy. The only predictor of infliximab optimization was "infliximab indication for acute severe colitis" (HR=2.75; 95% CI=1.23-6.12). Thirty-six patients (18.8%) underwent colectomy. Predictors of colectomy were: "no clinical response after infliximab induction" (HR=7.06; 95% CI=3.36-14.83), "C-reactive protein at infliximab initiation > 10 mg/l" (HR=5.11; 95% CI=1.77-14.76), "infliximab indication for acute severe colitis" (HR=3.40; 95% CI=1.48-7.81), and "previous treatment with cyclosporine" (HR=2.53; 95% CI=1.22-5.28). Sixty-nine patients (36.1%) were hospitalized at least one time and UC-related hospitalizations rate was 29 per 100 patient-years (95% CI=24-35 per 100 patient-years). Predictors of first hospitalization were: "no clinical response after infliximab induction" (HR=3.87; 95% CI=2.29-6.53), "infliximab indication for acute severe colitis" (HR=3.13, 95% CI=1.65-5.94), "disease duration at infliximab initiation ≤50 months" (HR=2.14, 95% CI=1.25-3.66), "hemoglobin at infliximab initiation ≤11.8 g/dl" (HR=1.77; 95% CI=1.03-3.04), and "previous treatment with methotrexate" (HR=0.30; 95% CI=0.09-0.97). CONCLUSIONS: Primary non-response to infliximab was noted in one fifth of patients and increased by seven and four the risks of colectomy and hospitalization, respectively. Infliximab optimization, colectomy, and hospitalization were required in half, one fifth, and one third of patients, respectively. Infliximab indication for acute severe colitis increased by three the risks of infliximab optimization, colectomy, and UC-related hospitalization.

Estudio primario

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Revista Gastroenterology
Año 2010
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ANTECEDENTES Y OBJETIVOS: En un estudio prospectivo de los niños con colitis ulcerosa grave (UC), el objetivo fue evaluar los resultados e identificar predictores de la falta de respuesta a los corticosteroides por vía intravenosa. MÉTODOS: Un total de 128 niños (varones 47%, 12,9 + / - 3,9 años) hospitalizados por la CU grave se inscribieron en 10 centros pediátricos. Los datos clínicos y de laboratorio y el Pediatric Index UC Actividad (PUCAI) se registraron durante el ingreso. Los pacientes fueron seguidos durante un año después del alta. RESULTADOS: Treinta y siete (29%, 95% intervalo de confianza [IC] del 22% -37%) los niños no corticosteroides por vía intravenosa y recibió, dentro de 10,5 + / - 6.4 días, la ciclosporina (n = 1, 3%), la colectomía ( n = 3; 8%), o infliximab (n = 33; 89%). Varios indicadores se asocia con el fracaso corticosteroides por vía intravenosa, pero la mejor modelo incluyó el número de deposiciones, la cantidad de sangre, la edad y la nueva aparición de la enfermedad (odds ratio [OR] = 1,9, IC 95%, 1,1-3,5; OR, 2,5; IC del 95%, 1,3-4,6; O, 1,2, IC 95%, 1,04-1,36, y OR, 0,27; IC del 95%, 0,1-0,7, respectivamente). El PUCAI, seguido de cerca por la regla de Travis, un potente predictor de respuesta en comparación con otras medidas (los índices de Seo y Lindgren, C-reactiva nivel de proteínas, y el nivel de calprotectina fecal) (p <.001). Con el objetivo de la sensibilidad en el día 3, un PUCAI mayor de 45 seleccionados para los pacientes propensos a fallar en los corticosteroides intravenosos (valor predictivo negativo, 94%, valor predictivo positivo, 43%, p <.001). Con el objetivo de la especificidad en el día 5, una puntuación superior a 70 PUCAI la aplicación óptima de la terapia guiada de rescate (valor predictivo positivo de 100%, valor predictivo negativo, 79%, p <.001). Veinticinco de los 33 niños tratados con infliximab respondió. La tasa global de colectomía acumulada fue del 9% y 19% por la descarga y 1 año, respectivamente. El día 3 Resultado PUCAI predijo la respuesta hasta después del alta de 1 año (p <0,001; tiempo de terapia de rescate). CONCLUSIONES: La PUCAI, calculado en los días 3 y 5 de la terapia con esteroides, pueden identificar a los pacientes que requieren terapia de rescate. Infliximab es una terapia efectiva en la refractaria a los esteroides pediátrica de la UC.

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Revista The American journal of gastroenterology
Año 2010
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OBJETIVOS: el infliximab es eficaz en el tratamiento de moderada / severa colitis ulcerosa (CU) en los adultos. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar el resultado después del tratamiento con infliximab en pacientes pediátricos de la UC. MÉTODOS: Se realizó un estudio de cohortes multicéntrico de 332 pacientes pediátricos con la Universidad de California matriculados en la enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal pediátrica Registro de Colaboración Grupo de Investigación. Niños <o = 16 años de edad y con diagnóstico reciente de la Universidad de California están inscritos en el registro. Las enfermedades y de información de medicamentos se recogen de forma prospectiva desde el médico al momento del diagnóstico, los días 30 y trimestral. No se especificaron las intervenciones, según el protocolo. Resultados: De 332 pacientes, 52 (16%) recibieron infliximab (23% <3 meses desde el diagnóstico, el 38% 3-12 meses, 38%> 12 meses). La edad media de inicio de infliximab fue de 13,3 + / -2,6 (rango 6-17) años, el 87% de los pacientes tenían pancolitis. La mediana de seguimiento fue de 30 meses. El mantenimiento continuo (CM), la terapia se le dio en el 65%, episódica en el 21%, episódica convierte en CM en 6%, y los datos suficientes en el 8% de los pacientes. Sesenta y tres por ciento de los pacientes con corticosteroides refractario, y el 35% eran dependientes de corticosteroides. Concomitante medicamentos corticosteroides en un primer momento la infusión de infliximab incluidos (87%), tiopurinas (63%), y 5-aminosalicilatos (51%). Corticosteroides sin enfermedad inactiva por la evaluación global del médico se observó en 12/44 (27%), 15/39 (38%) y 28.6 (21%) pacientes a los 6, 12 y 24 meses, respectivamente. Kaplan-Meier mostró que la probabilidad de permanecer libre colectomía después del tratamiento con infliximab fue de 75% a los 6 meses, 72% a los 12 meses, y 61% a los 2 años. CONCLUSIONES: En esta cohorte de niños con CU recibiendo infliximab, corticosteroides libre de enfermedad inactiva se observó en el 38 y el 21% de los pacientes a los 12 y 24 meses, respectivamente. A los 24 meses, el 61% de los pacientes había evitado la colectomía.

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Revista Inflammatory bowel diseases
Año 2009
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BACKGROUND: To determine the long-term outcome of patients admitted with acute severe colitis (ASC) who avoided colectomy on the index admission, a retrospective cohort study was performed. METHODS: Patients admitted for intensive treatment of ASC in 1992-1993 previously described for a predictive index of short-term outcome in severe ulcerative colitis (UC) were followed for a median 122 months (range 3-144). Complete responders (CR) to intensive therapy had <3 nonbloody stools/day on day 7 of the index admission; incomplete responders (IR) were all others who avoided colectomy on that admission. Main outcome measures were colectomy-free survival, time to colectomy, and duration of steroid-free remission. RESULTS: In all, 6/19 CR (32%) came to colectomy compared to 10/13 IR (P = 0.016; relative risk 3.33, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.12-9.9). The median +/- interquartile range time to colectomy was 28 +/- 47 months (range 6-99) for CR who came to colectomy versus 7.5 +/- 32 (3-72) months for IR (P = 0.118). Among the IR, 7/13 came to colectomy within 12 months, and all within 6 years from the index admission. The longest period of steroid-free remission was 42 +/- 48 (0-120) months for CR, but 9 +/- 20 (1-35) months for IR (P = 0.011). CONCLUSIONS: One week after admission with ASC in the prebiologic era, IRs had a 50% chance of colectomy within a year and 70% within 5 years, despite cyclosporin and azathioprine where appropriate. The maximum duration of remission in CRs was almost 5 times longer than IRs. It is unknown whether biologics change the long-term outcome.

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Revista Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics
Año 2009
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BACKGROUND: Infliximab is used for treatment of Crohn's disease and, following the Active Ulcerative Colitis Trials (ACT) 1 and 2, it has been used as rescue and maintenance therapy in moderate and severe ulcerative colitis (UC). AIM: To report on English experience with maintenance infliximab in terms of response and colectomy rates and side-effect profile in UC. METHODS: A retrospective audit conducted by using a web-based questionnaire filled in by 12 gastroenterologists from six English centres. RESULTS: Of the 38 patients receiving induction with infliximab, 28 (73.6%) maintained an ongoing response (8-weekly infusions 5 mg/kg) for a mean duration of 16.8 months (range 4-59), with 21 (55.3%) being in remission. Three of 38 patients (7.9%) who also responded had a secondary loss of response after an average of 10 months (range 8-13); seven of 38 patients (18.4%) showed no response. The colectomy rate was seven of 38 (18.4%, five non-responders and two with secondary loss of response). Adverse effects occurred in five patients (13.2%). Two discontinued infliximab (alopecia, invasive breast cancer). The three less-severe adverse effects were acute and delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions and one persistent otitis media. CONCLUSION: Our experience suggests acceptable response rates, colectomy rates and side-effect profile of maintenance therapy with infliximab in moderate and severe UC.

Estudio primario

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Revista The American journal of gastroenterology
Año 2009
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OBJECTIVES: The natural history of ulcerative colitis (UC) has been poorly described in children. METHODS: In a geographically derived incidence cohort diagnosed from 1988 to 2002, we identified 113 UC patients (age 0-17 years at diagnosis) with a follow-up of at least 2 years. The cumulative risk of colectomy was estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method. Risk factors for disease extension were assessed with logistic regression models, and risk factors for colectomy with Cox hazards proportional models. RESULTS: Median follow-up time was 77 months (46-125). At diagnosis, 28% of patients had proctitis, 35% left-sided colitis, and 37% extensive colitis. Disease course was characterized by disease extension in 49% of patients. A delay in diagnosis of more than 6 months and a family history of inflammatory bowel disease were associated with an increased risk of disease extension, with odds ratios of 5.0 (1.2-21.5) and 11.8 (1.3-111.3), respectively. The cumulative rate of colectomy was 8% at 1 year, 15% at 3 years, and 20% at 5 years. The presence of extra-intestinal manifestations (EIMS) at diagnosis was associated with an increased risk of colectomy (hazard ratio (HR)=3.5 (1.2-10.5)). Among the patients with limited disease at diagnosis, the risk of colectomy was higher in those who experienced disease extension than in those who did not (HR=13.3 1.7-101.7). CONCLUSIONS: Pediatric UC was characterized by widespread localization at diagnosis and a high rate of disease extension. Twenty percent of children had their colon removed after 5 years. The colectomy rate was influenced by disease extension and was associated with the presence of EIMS at diagnosis.