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Revisión sistemática
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Revisión sistemática
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Resiniferatoxin, a treatment based on a physiopathological concept (the involvement of C fibers and transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 in the transmission of pain) is undergoing evaluation for interstitial cystitis. We evaluated the current evidence from relevant studies identified in PubMed and Scopus databases. Six studies provided contradictory results regarding the effectiveness of resiniferatoxin treatment. The largest study showed no improvement of overall symptoms following a single administration of resiniferatoxin. Three other articles that studied the effectiveness of a single dose of resiniferatoxin gave contradictory results. However, the other two studies, those that examined the effect of multiple or prolonged administration schemes, gave more encouraging results. The use of the regimen is generally well tolerated although mild adverse events such as increase of bladder pain during instillation were sometimes reported by patients and serious adverse events rarely occur. In conclusion, the effectiveness of resiniferatoxin in the treatment of interstitial cystitis remains unknown.
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To evaluate the effectiveness of dimethyl sulfoxide in the treatment of patients with biopsies suggestive of interstitial cystitis, 33 patients underwent a controlled crossover trial. Patients were allocated randomly to receive 50 per cent dimethyl sulfoxide or placebo (saline). The medication was administered intravesically every 2 weeks for 2 sessions of 4 treatments each. Response was assessed urodynamically and symptomatically. Thirty women and 3 men (mean age 48 years and mean duration of symptoms 5.5 years) were entered into the study. No significant side effects to dimethyl sulfoxide were noted. When assessed subjectively, 53 per cent of dimethyl sulfoxide treated patients were markedly improved compared to 18 per cent of the placebo treated patients. Of the dimethyl sulfoxide group 93 per cent had objective improvement versus 35 per cent of the placebo group. Thus, dimethyl sulfoxide proved to be superior to placebo in the objective and subjective improvement of patients with interstitial cystitis.
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The efficacy of single dose treatment with trimethoprim compared to a 5-day course with the same drug was investigated in 100 children, 3-12 years, with isolated episodes of symptomatic non-febrile urinary tract infection. Cure, defined as sterile urine during the first week after treatment, was achieved in 74% (37/50) in the single dose group compared to 86% (43/50) in the 5-day treatment group. The difference was not statistically significant (chi 2 = 2.25, p = 0.134 two-tailed). The cure rates in relation to P-fimbriation of the infecting E. coli strains were similar in the two groups. During the 6 month follow-up, six children in each treatment group had one or more reinfections. Extended studies are needed to conclude if single dose and conventional treatment courses are equally effective.
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